컨테이너運送서비스의 國際競爭力 强化方案에 관한 硏究 = (A)study on the international competitiveness of container transport in Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

한글초록 : 컨테이너운송서비스에 분야에 종사하는 선박회사, 포워더, 무역업자를 대상으로 설문조사한 자료를 기초로 하여 컨테이너운송서비스의 국제경쟁력 속성과 기업 내부적 요인으로 가격경쟁력과 비가격경쟁요소 및 기술력, 외부요인으로 무역동향으로서의 교역추이와 흐름 및 산업자원 속성 및 정부의 산업기반 지원 정책관련 요소를 반영하여 실증 분석하였으며 다음과 같은 연구 결과를 도출하였다.첫째, 내부요인의 영향 검증 결과 가격과 기술요인은 환경변화에 비가격과 기술은 기술 변화에 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 컨테이너 운송 사업에 드는 다양한 비용을 극복하는 과정에서 이를 좀 더 효율적으로 운용하기 위한 다양한 가격 경쟁력을 갖춘 기술 개발을 요구하고, 또한 이러한 기술 개발 과정에서 변화된 환경을 통한 경쟁력을 갖추게 됨을 알 수 있다. 따라서 기업의 내부요인에 있어 가격과 기술적 요인이 국제경쟁력에 중시되는 요인으로 입증되고 비가격 요인은 기각되었다.둘째, 외부 요인의 영향 검증 결과 외부 요인은 환경변화에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 앞서 분석한 결과와 같이 외부적인 무역환경 요인, 산업자원 요인, 정부 정책 요인은 환경변화 속도에 영향을 주며, 이러한 요인이 개선될수록, 환경 요인에 긍정적인 영향을 주게 되어 컨테이너 사업에 유리한 경쟁력을 갖추는데 도움을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 무역환경에 대하여 다양한 접근이 요구되며, 전문 인력이나 전산화 등을 통한 외부 환경 조성에 집중적으로 투자해야 할 것과 정부 정책에 있어서 앞서 기술한 바와 같이, 급격한 환경에 적합한 다양하고 현실적인 정부 지원과 제도개선을 위한 인프라 구축이 시급한 것으로 볼 수 있다

국문 초록 (Abstract)

영문초록 : Due to the new paradigms as competition and mutual co-operation, the north-eastern countries have fully focused on developing container freight services in order to confront the global competition. Competition in the north-eastern area has become fiercer between Korea, Japan, and China, while the countries’quantity of transported goods increase from 200 million TEU in 1996 to 470 million TEU in 2003 which is expected to grow in the future Along with the growth trend, global ship-building companies are competitively developing and introducing newbig sized ships, which leads to the serious bottle neck phenomenon. Moreover, major ship-builders have made ‘Round The World Service’ a normal practice for maximizing the use of their new big ships. Newly rising China, and others as Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong with their higher quantity of goods have also caused a fiercer competition which has on the hand weakened traditional alliance system. Since 1996, with the opening of the domestic market, major foreign forwarders have entered and increased their share. This suggests that the domestic forwarder market has started to become globalized; and the local forwarders should face the competition with the foreign, which would require improvements from certain aspects as new system, and so on. Looking at the trend, this study which scrutinizes the current situation and competitiveness of Korea to enhance the competitiveness on the global level is essential. Accordingly, the deep-down, basic factors and their impacts are to be found out first. From the corporate perspective, price and technological competitiveness are the major factors, as trade trend in general, attributes of resource, and level of governmental support are the factors from the scholar’s. And the relevant guidelines are as follows:In this study, I have conducted an empirical analysis in order to come up with international competitiveness of container transport industry and to make comparison between Korea, China and Japan, by applying corporate's internal factors such as price competitiveness, non-price competitiveness and technology, and external factors such as change and flow of trading trend, characteristics of industrial resources, and government's assistance policy. The result of the analysis is as follows.First, as a result of internal factors examination, it has been found that price and technology have meaningful influence on environment change, and non-price factors and technology have effect on technology change. Among the corporate's internal factors, price and technology were important factors for international competitiveness, but non-price factors were rejected.Second, as a result of external factors examination, it has turned out that they have influences on environment change.Third, as a result of comparison between Korea, China and Japan, relatively higher responses were shown to internal factors(price, non-price, technology) in Korea and China. Based on these results, it can be concluded as the following.In order to enhance the competitiveness of Korean container transport industry and to secure dominance over competing foreign companies, we should develop our corporate into enterprises specialized in logistics by endless management innovations and improvements. Also, there should be discussions for concrete assistance plan by the government and legislation of appropriate laws for the development of solid comprehensive international transport industry and leading multinational corporations