Bowen의 가족체계이론을 적용한 노년기 부부의 적응에 관한 연구 : 개인자료와 부부자료의 비교 = Adjustment of elderly couples based on Bowen's family systems theory : comparison of the single data and paired data

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Based on the theoretical framework of Bowen’s family systems theory, this study was to investigate the adjustment of Elderly couples. The data were collected from 271 elderly couples in individuals age 55 years or older who lived in Chollabuk-Do province with their spouse. This study examined how the self-differentiation level affects psychological adjustment(depression, anxiety, somatization) through adult children relationship(triangulation, parents-adult children differentiation) and marital relationship adjustment(marital comparison level, marital intimacy). This model was tested and modified through structural equation model by using AMOS 7.0 program. The major results of this research were as follows.
First, it showed that the level of self-differentiation of couple is normal. The triangulation and marital relationship adjustment of husbands are higher than those of wives. However, depression and somatization of wives are higher than those of husbands.
Second, correlational analyses indicated that self-differentiation subscale of couples with the exception of "I" Position dimension is positively correlated with adult children relationships and marital relationships adjustments, but it is negatively correlated with psychological adjustment.
Third, the variation of causal model for psychological adjustment of both of couples using single data showed that individual self-differentiation of couples with the exception of marital relationship adjustment had effected on adult children relationship and psychological adjustment directly, and it indirectly influenced marital relationship adjustment through adult children relationship. However, marital relationship adjustment directly influenced psychological adjustment. Specifically, individual self-differentiation level had significantly effected on psychological adjustment, but there were no significant differences between psychological adjustment model of wife groups and that of husband groups.
Fourth, the variation of causal model for psychological adjustment of both of couples using paired data showed that joint self-differentiation had effected on joint adult children relationship and psychological adjustment directly, and it indirectly influenced joint marital relationship adjustment through joint adult children relationship. Specifically, joint self-differentiation significant directly influenced psychological adjustment. However, there were significant differences between psychological adjustment model of wife groups and that of husband groups. In case of joint adult children relationship influenced joint marital relationship adjustment, the effectiveness of psychological adjustment model of wives are higher than those of husbands.
Finally, it could be identified that paired data had more higher effected on psychological adjustment than the single data through comparison of the results from analyses using single and paired data.
These results provide support for Bowen's theoretical assumptions about self-differentiation. This confirms the utility of Bowen's family systems theory in applying it to elderly married couples. Therefore, it should be clear enough that a great happy old-age can be stepped up to the elderly married couples if they are encouraged to improve the chemistry of them and to improve the intimacy with their adult children, and if they are helped to establish the healthy self-differentiation process.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구 모형 = 6
• 3. 용어 정의 = 7
• II. 이론적 배경 = 10
• 1. 노년기 부부의 적응 = 10
• 1) 노년기 부부관계의 중요성 = 11
• 2) 노년기 부부의 관계 적응 = 13
• 3) 노년기 부부의 심리적 적응 = 14
• 2. Bowen의 가족체계이론 = 17
• 1) 기본 가정 = 17
• 2) 자기분화 = 19
• 3) 삼각관계 = 24
• 4) 자녀관계 분화 = 27
• 5) 적응에 대한 Bowen의 시각 = 29
• 3. 선행 연구의 고찰 = 31
• 1) 자기분화와 노년기 부부의 적응 = 31
• (1) 자기분화와 노년기 부부의 관계 적응 = 31
• (2) 자기분화와 노년기 부부의 심리적 적응 = 35
• 2) 자기분화와 성인자녀관계 = 38
• 3) 성인자녀관계와 노년기 부부의 적응 = 41
• 4) 노년기 부부의 관계 및 심리적 적응간의 관계 = 44
• 4. 연구문제와 이론모형 = 47
• III. 연구방법 = 49
• 1. 연구대상 및 자료수집 = 49
• 2. 조사대상자의 일반적 특성 = 50
• 3. 측정도구의 구성 = 52
• 4. 자료 분석 = 58
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 및 분석 = 61
• 1. 부부간 차이 검증 결과 = 61
• 2. 변인들간의 상관관계 분석 결과 = 67
• 3. 남편과 부인의 심리적 적응 모델 검증 = 74
• 1) 측정모델의 적합성 = 74
• 2) 이론적 구조모델 검증 = 80
• (1) 남편의 심리적 적응 모델 검증 = 81
• (2) 부인의 심리적 적응 모델 검증 = 85
• 4. 남편집단과 부인집단간의 모델 차이 검증 = 88
• 5. 부부자료(paired data)를 이용한 심리적 적응 모델 검증 결과 = 91
• 1) 부부자료를 이용한 측정모델의 적합성 = 92
• 2) 부부자료를 이용한 심리적 적응 모델 검증 = 95
• (1) 부부자료 분석을 통한 남편의 모델 검증 = 96
• (2) 부부자료 분석을 통한 부인의 모델 검증 = 100
• 6. 부부자료 분석을 통한 심리적 적응 모델의 부부간 차이 검증 = 103
• 7. 개인자료(single data)와 부부자료(paired data) 모델 비교 검증 결과 = 105
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 제언 = 108
• 1. 요약 및 논의 = 108
• 2. 제언 = 119
• 참고문헌 = 122
• 부록 = 145
• 설문지 = 157