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    관광산업의 e-CRM 활동 척도개발을 위한 연구 : 여행·호텔·항공·외식업을 대상으로 = (The) development of an e-CRM activity scale in tourism industry : the case of hotels, travel agencies, airlines and restaurants

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T11219728

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    e-CRM refers to the Internet-based CRM system. According to Greenburg (2001), "e-CRM is the twenty-first-century version of CRM and the two are now inseparable."It is a revolutionary way of managing customer relations. The essence of e-CRM is to build a business environment in which a variety of the company's activities, including dealing with customers, marketing, sales, communication, and services, can be conducted through e-channels based on electronic technology (Feinberg and Kadam, 2002).
    Although the number of studies on e-CRM is gradually increasing, no measure to assess and evaluate e-CRM activities with reliable degrees of accuracy has been developed yet (Feinberg et al., 2002). This study was conducted in order to develop a set of tools that can measure the performance of e-CRM activities in the tourism industry based on a comprehensive approach to the concepts and structural elements of e-CRM activities performed by tourism-related companies (hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, and airlines). In doing so, this study applied the categories of the CRM activities made in the existing literature, which are: Marketing, Sales, Service, Support, Information Technology, and System (Kincaid, 2003; Ngai, 2005; West, 2001). These categories were applied to the e-CRM activities to give birth to the following five categories: e-Marketing, e-Sales, e-Service, e-Support, and e-System that can be used to measure the quality of e-CRM activities.
    In order to develop the measures for e-CRM activities, this study used the expert survey based on the Delphi method. The Delphi method was chosen since the goal of this study was to develop a set of measures to evaluate the e-CRM activities by collecting opinions and information from e-CRM experts and finding the consensus among them. Instead of asking open-ended questions, the primary questionnaire for the Delphi analysis involved a set of questions structuralizing the categories and elements of evaluation already excerpted from the literature survey (Kincaid, 2003; Murry, 1995). Structuralized questions based on information collected from preliminary expert surveys used in the literature were deemed to facilitate the process of finding the consensus of opinions among various experts in the Delphi survey than open-ended questions. Finally, the set of e-CRM activity measures developed using the Delphi method was then applied to the survey involving the tourism-related businesses and were analyzed and verified in order to assess the reliability and Validity of the e-CRM activity measures for the tourism industry. Employees who work in charge of e-CRM in the tourism industry served as the participants in this study. A sample consisting of employees working in charge of e-CRM in the hotel, travel agency, airline and restaurant industries was established. The reason these four particular sectors were chosen is because these are where e-CRM is commonly practiced and are parts of the tourism industry capable of providing data for verification and research.
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    e-CRM refers to the Internet-based CRM system. According to Greenburg (2001), "e-CRM is the twenty-first-century version of CRM and the two are now inseparable."It is a revolutionary way of managing customer relations. The essence of e-CRM is to build...

    e-CRM refers to the Internet-based CRM system. According to Greenburg (2001), "e-CRM is the twenty-first-century version of CRM and the two are now inseparable."It is a revolutionary way of managing customer relations. The essence of e-CRM is to build a business environment in which a variety of the company's activities, including dealing with customers, marketing, sales, communication, and services, can be conducted through e-channels based on electronic technology (Feinberg and Kadam, 2002).
    Although the number of studies on e-CRM is gradually increasing, no measure to assess and evaluate e-CRM activities with reliable degrees of accuracy has been developed yet (Feinberg et al., 2002). This study was conducted in order to develop a set of tools that can measure the performance of e-CRM activities in the tourism industry based on a comprehensive approach to the concepts and structural elements of e-CRM activities performed by tourism-related companies (hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, and airlines). In doing so, this study applied the categories of the CRM activities made in the existing literature, which are: Marketing, Sales, Service, Support, Information Technology, and System (Kincaid, 2003; Ngai, 2005; West, 2001). These categories were applied to the e-CRM activities to give birth to the following five categories: e-Marketing, e-Sales, e-Service, e-Support, and e-System that can be used to measure the quality of e-CRM activities.
    In order to develop the measures for e-CRM activities, this study used the expert survey based on the Delphi method. The Delphi method was chosen since the goal of this study was to develop a set of measures to evaluate the e-CRM activities by collecting opinions and information from e-CRM experts and finding the consensus among them. Instead of asking open-ended questions, the primary questionnaire for the Delphi analysis involved a set of questions structuralizing the categories and elements of evaluation already excerpted from the literature survey (Kincaid, 2003; Murry, 1995). Structuralized questions based on information collected from preliminary expert surveys used in the literature were deemed to facilitate the process of finding the consensus of opinions among various experts in the Delphi survey than open-ended questions. Finally, the set of e-CRM activity measures developed using the Delphi method was then applied to the survey involving the tourism-related businesses and were analyzed and verified in order to assess the reliability and Validity of the e-CRM activity measures for the tourism industry. Employees who work in charge of e-CRM in the tourism industry served as the participants in this study. A sample consisting of employees working in charge of e-CRM in the hotel, travel agency, airline and restaurant industries was established. The reason these four particular sectors were chosen is because these are where e-CRM is commonly practiced and are parts of the tourism industry capable of providing data for verification and research.

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    목차 (Table of Contents)

    • 제 1 장 서 론 1
    • 제 1 절 문제제기 1
    • 제 2 절 연구목적 4
    • 제 3 절 연구방법 및 범위 5
    • 제 2 장 이론적 배경 7
    • 제 1 장 서 론 1
    • 제 1 절 문제제기 1
    • 제 2 절 연구목적 4
    • 제 3 절 연구방법 및 범위 5
    • 제 2 장 이론적 배경 7
    • 제 1 절 CRM과 e-CRM 7
    • 1. CRM의 등장배경, 개념과 특징 7
    • 2. e-CRM의 개념과 특징 11
    • 3. CRM과 e-CRM의 차이 14
    • 4. 국내 e-CRM의 현황 17
    • 5. e-CRM 선행연구 검토 19
    • 제 2 절 e-CRM 활동 22
    • 1. e-Marketing, e-Sales, e-Service, e-Support, e-System 22
    • 2. e-CRM활동 속성의 조작적 정의 24
    • 3. 기타 e-CRM 활동 26
    • 제 3 장 연구 설계 29
    • 제 1 절 연구의 목적 및 개념도 29
    • 제 2 절 조사 설계 및 연구방법 30
    • 제 3 절 예비설문문항 도출 및 분석방법 37
    • 1. 델파이조사에 이용될 e-CRM활동 예비설문문항 도출 37
    • 2. 분석방법 42
    • 제 4 장 델파이조사 분석 결과 44
    • 제 1 절 1차 전문가 델파이조사 분석 결과 44
    • 1. e-CRM활동 1차 설문 정제를 위한 업계별 전문가 의견 및 현황 44
    • 1) e-CRM활동 1차 설문 정제를 위한 호텔업계 전문가 의견 및 현황 44
    • 2) e-CRM활동 1차 설문 정제를 위한 여행업계 전문가 의견 및 현황 54
    • 3) e-CRM활동 1차 설문 정제를 위한 항공업계 전문가 의견 및 현황 60
    • 4) e-CRM활동 1차 설문 정제를 위한 외식업계 전문가 의견 및 현황 66
    • 5) e-CRM활동 1차 설문 정제를 위한 웹 전문가 의견 72
    • 6) e-CRM활동 1차 설문 정제를 위한 관광학계 전문가 의견 73
    • 2. 1차 설문문항에 대한 전문가들 간 중요도 일치를 위한 켄달의 W검증 75
    • 1) e-Marketing에 대한 켄달의 W검증 76
    • 2) e-Sales에 대한 켄달의 W검증 78
    • 3) e-Service에 대한 켄달의 W검증 78
    • 4) e-Support에 대한 켄달의 W검증 79
    • 5) e-System에 대한 켄달의 W검증 80
    • 3. e-CRM활동 1차 설문 최종 정제 결과 82
    • 1) 1차 e-Marketing 문항 정제 결과 82
    • 2) 1차 e-Sales문항 정제 결과 84
    • 3) 1차 e-Service문항 정제 결과 86
    • 4) 1차 e-Support문항 정제 결과 89
    • 5) 1차 e-System문항 정제 결과 91
    • 4. 2차 관광산업 e-CRM활동 델파이조사 항목 결정 93
    • 제 2 절 2차 전문가 델파이조사 분석 결과 96
    • 1. 2차 전문가 델파이조사 조사 설계 96
    • 2. e-CRM활동 2차 설문 정제를 위한 업계별 전문가 의견 및 정제 내용 97
    • 3. 2차 전문가 중요도 일치에 대한 켄달의 일치도 검증 결과 102
    • 1) e-Marketing에 대한 제 2차 켄달의 W검증 102
    • 2) e-Sales에 대한 제 2차 켄달의 W검증 104
    • 3) e-Service에 대한 제 2차 켄달의 W검증 105
    • 4) e-Support에 대한 제 2차 켄달의 W검증 106
    • 5) e-System에 대한 제 2차 켄달의 W검증 107
    • 4. e-CRM활동 2차 설문 최종 정제 결과 109
    • 5. 3차 관광산업 e-CRM활동 본 조사 설문지 구성 112
    • 제 3 절 3차 본조사를 통한 e-CRM활동 측정문항의 신뢰성 및 타당성 검증 115
    • 1. 신뢰성(Reliability) 분석 119
    • 1) 크롬바알파 계수방법(Cronbach's Alpha) 119
    • 가. 전체샘플을 이용한 e-CRM활동 전체항목에 대한 신뢰도 119
    • 나. 업종별 샘플을 이용한 e-CRM활동 전체항목에 대한 신뢰도 127
    • 2) 반분법(Spilt-Half Method) 134
    • 2. 타당성(Validity) 분석 135
    • 1) 탐색적 요인분석 136
    • 가. e-Marketing 탐색적 요인분석 137
    • 나. e-Sales 탐색적 요인분석 141
    • 다. e-Service 탐색적 요인분석 144
    • 라. e-Support 탐색적 요인분석 146
    • 마. e-System 탐색적 요인분석 148
    • 제 5 장 요약 및 시사점 153
    • 참고문헌 164
    • 부 록 1 예비조사 설문지 179
    • 부 록 2 관광산업 e-CRM활동 델파이조사 설문지 (1차) 182
    • 부 록 3 관광산업 e-CRM활동 델파이조사 설문지 (2차) 191
    • 부 록 4 관광산업 e-CRM활동 전문가조사 설문지 (3차) 200
    • ABSTRACT 205
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