The increase of uncertainty which has been caused by globalization, informatization, decentralization, etc demands new changes in the relation between an established government and citizens. In this reason, recently many researchers who study variety ...
The increase of uncertainty which has been caused by globalization, informatization, decentralization, etc demands new changes in the relation between an established government and citizens. In this reason, recently many researchers who study variety of fields such as economics, psychology, sociology, etc pay attention to the trust as social capital.
However, though the trust is such an important fact in this field, Fukuyama(1995) prescribed that Korea is a low-trust country at cultural level and according to the today's papers made in Korea, the trust level of government is low and the scale is lower than ordinary trust in the relation between people.
The Military Manpower Administration(MMA) is also hard to achieve the goals of the organization by the unilateral and controled administrative activities likewise the past days. The MMA has to find the possible method by the enlargement in the relation between MMA and citizens based on mutual trusts. Thus, in order to improve the Military Manpower Service of Korea, it is significant meaning to research the citizens' trust in the Military Manpower Service in Korea.
The purpose of this paper is evaluating the trust level in the MMA and finding out the factors influencing on the trust in the MMA. To achieve this goal, in charter Ⅱ, the concept of trust in MMA is defined by establishing the multi-dimensional concepts of trust through the theological debate. In addition, the facts influence on the trust are formulated by the pre-studies.
In charter Ⅲ, by the method of research design, 18 influencing factors are chosen after dividing all possible influencing factors into the statistics of population and social factor, the trustor factor and the trustee factor by considering the feature and role of MMA. After that, the questionnaire is designed with the 18 factors are selected as each item of independent variables.
The empirical analysis method of this paper was used the Likert's 5 points scale and a survey was executed to the adult male and female persons over 20 years old who live in the national capital region. The 460 copies among the 470 copies of whole distributed questionnaires were recalled, and among them 454 copies were used for empirical analysis of this paper. The hypothesis were verified by the gathered materials which were executed reliability verification, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, T-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis by using SPSS 12.0.
The conclusions obtained by these analyses are mentioned below.
First, the trust of the MMA was marked 2.96 in the 5th scale. This score can be considered as low level in general, and it is even lower than 3.15, people's general trust level toward others. This result corresponds with the result of the pre-study that the trust level of government is lower than general trust level between people.
Second, different from other government trust, the trustor factors such as a tendency of individuals' trust, an income level, ages, sex, etc and social statistical factors do not influence significantly on the trust in the MMA. Instead, it is investigated that only the recognition in necessity of Military Service shows significant influence within the 5%(p<0.05) of significance level.
Third, in the aspect of the trustee factors, the result shows that the most influential factor is the kindness of the employees in MMA, and the integrity is followed as the second influential factor. At the point of service procedure factors, fairness, clarity, and the convenience are influenced most in order. Among them, the ß-value of fairness is recorded 0.273, and this means the faieness influences most on the trust among the whole independent factors.
This paper shows that the trust in the MMA is lower than the trust toward other people. In some cases, this result corresponds with the results of pre-studies that the level of trust in government in Korean society is lower than the trust toward other people. However, the conclusion of the research of the factors influencing on the trust to the MMA is a lot different from the conclusion of pre-researches. In other words, more than other factors, fairness influences most, and almost all of the other trustor factors can't influence on the trust in the MMA except for the utility factor of military service.
However, the method of sampling and the selection of variables in this paper were limited in some points. In addition, some responders didn't show any interest in MMA or military manpower service, and various aspects of military manpower policies were not studied either. In following survey, the military manpower policies that can overcome above limitations should be investigated to increase the level of the trust in MMA.