The purpose of this study was to determine the level of maternal parenting beliefs and social competence of the children of Korean-Canadian family living in Korean community located in Toronto, Canada. Additionally, it was aimed to examine the relatio...
The purpose of this study was to determine the level of maternal parenting beliefs and social competence of the children of Korean-Canadian family living in Korean community located in Toronto, Canada. Additionally, it was aimed to examine the relationship between mother's parenting beliefs and the child's social competence in minority families by the immigration of the family and the length of stay in Canada. The research questions for investigating the research objectives were as follows:
1. What are the parenting beliefs of Korean-Canadian mothers living in Canada?
1-1. What are the parenting beliefs of Korean-Canadian mothers by family's immigration?
1-2. What are the parenting beliefs of Korean-Canadian mothers by the length of family's stay in Canada?
2. What are the child's social competence of Korean-Canadian family in Canada?
2-1. What are the child's social competence of Korean-Canadian family in Canada related to family's immigration?
2-2. What are the child's social competence of Korean-Canadian family in Canada related to the length of family's stay in Canada?
3. What are the relationship between the parenting belief of
Korean-Canadian mother and their child's social competence?
The target population of the study was the 187 Korean-Canadian mothers who were rearing their children aged between 2 and 5 years old. The instruments measuring research variables were P-BALFS (Sheinberg, 2003) and Iowa Social Competency Scale: Preschool form (Pease, Clark, & Crase, 1979), and their Cronbach's Alpha in this study were 0.72 and 0.78 respectively. Statistical methods using for this study were descriptive analysis, Cronbach Alpha coefficients, t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis.
The results of this study were as follows:
Firstly, Among the sub-types of parenting beliefs of Korean-Canadian mothers, the most high ranked parenting beliefs were identified as child-centered beliefs, parent-centered beliefs, and cultural transformation beliefs in this order. There was no statistical significance between the mother's parenting beliefs and immigration and the length of the family's stay in Canada by groups.
Secondly, Among the sub-types of the child's social competence of Korean-Canadian mothers, the most high ranked social competence factors were identified as social activity, cooperation, affection toward their parents, sensitivity, and stability in this order. There was no statistical significance between the child's social competence and immigration and the length of the family's stay in Canada by groups.
Thirdly, Results suggested that there is relationship between parenting beliefs and the children's social competence in this study. That is, child-centered beliefs was related positively with social activity, cooperation, and the child's affection toward their parents. Parent centered beliefs were related positively with social activity and the child's affection toward their parents. Cultural-transformation beliefs were related positively with the child's sensitivity and stability. Three sub-types of Korean-Canadian mother's parenting beliefs in immigration family were related positively with the child's social competence, and also there was statistical significance in these findings. On the other hand, there was no significance in the relationships between mother's parenting beliefs and the child's social competence in non-immigration family.
Among the all types of the parenting beliefs of Korean-Canadian mother staying for less than 5 years in Canada, it was found that only child-centered beliefs had a statistical significance in relationships with the child's social competence. On the other hand, among the Korean-Canadian mothers staying for over than 5 years in Canada, all sub-types of the parenting beliefs had a statistical significance in relationships with the child's social competence.