Going through industralization, a low fertility rate is quite common phenomenon. However, Korea, of the Organization for cooperation and Development Countries(OECD), a total rate of fertility is the lowest, 1.08 persons (each population) In 2005.
The...
Going through industralization, a low fertility rate is quite common phenomenon. However, Korea, of the Organization for cooperation and Development Countries(OECD), a total rate of fertility is the lowest, 1.08 persons (each population) In 2005.
There are a few causes of low fertility in Korea. First of all, there are the national level population control plan in 1960s. And then burdens of the children's raising expense and increasing in children's education costs, rising unemployment rates of young adults after Korea IMF crisis, tendency of having a few number of children derived from the population control plan. Moreover, Change in individual values, social and economical environment, rising in the age of first marriage and giving birth, increasing in female employment and their status elevation.
Social concerns about lowering fertility rate are related with its negative economic effects. If currently low fertility rate continues, the labor forces will go down when current babies grow up to be productive labor forces. Furthermore, the international competence of Korean industry will weaken because of aging labor forces. And then The entire social security system will come to reach crisises due to aged population and rising financial burdens on working population.
The fertility rate problem is not just anymore a personal issue but national and societal. The purpose of this study is to examine and prediet the causes and results of lower fertility rate and thereupon, compare our conditions with Western cases and thereby, explore the policy alternatives to solve the problem of lower fertility rate.
As the plans for Encouraging Fertility, therefore, it is necessary to make social environment enabling marriage delivery, prepare for job stabilization plan, subsidize children's raising expense, normalize public education, save private education expense and improve nursing services. Above all, low fertility issue must have validity for society to be responsible for it, and good reasons for nation to undertake it actively.