An urban environment represents the life quality of the city, while determining the value of the region. Today, world-class cities are making efforts to create a more comfortable urban environment or a more humane urban environment. The urban planning...
An urban environment represents the life quality of the city, while determining the value of the region. Today, world-class cities are making efforts to create a more comfortable urban environment or a more humane urban environment. The urban planning facilities are the basics for creation of the quality urban environment, while acting as the physical ground to form the framework of the urban structure. In Korea, Urban Planning Law was enacted in 1963, and since then, the law has been revised flexibly to create comfortable urban environments and enhance various urban functions and improve citizens' living efficiency and convenience.In particular, since 1995 when the era of the local autonomy was launched, local autonomous administrations have been exerting much efforts to improve their citizens' life quality and sharpen the competitive edges of their cities, while listening to citizens' opinions about their regional development and supporting their production and economic activities. In this course, the urban planning facilities for such economic activities have been determined without sufficient reviewing and financial planning, which has resulted in long neglect of them.The purpose of this study was to analyze the conditions of unrealized urban planning facilities and address their problems and thereby, suggest some policy alternatives for their realization. For this purpose, the researcher reviewed such structural problems highlighted more importantly in the age of the local autonomy as infringement on private property rights and worsening local financial conditions and thereupon, explored some effective ways to help realize the urban planning facilities.For this study, the researcher analyzed the data about urban planning published for a decade from 1995 through 2004 and thereupon, comparatively analyzed the changes and characteristics of nation's top 7 metropolitan cities and other cities to identify the problems and find their solutions. In addition, the researcher analyzed the unrealized roads and parks which accounted for 85% of the unrealized urban planning facilities and thereby, address the problems of each facility to explore their fundamental solutions. The results of this study can be summarized as follows;First, it is deemed necessary to arrange some unified criteria for the urban planning facilities and set some priorities for them and thereby, manage the statistics in a precise and reliable manner, and thereupon, distribute the financial resources appropriately among the unrealized urban planning facilities to prevent the status quo of unrealized facilities. To this end, public officials in charge of them should be trained to be more professional, while a special management department should be established, to solve the problem of overestimating the urban planning facilities in the future.Second, as a result of analyzing the conditions of urban planning facilities throughout the nation and in the metropolitan cities, it was found that the national statistics were different from the metropolitan ones partially. Such a finding suggests that even the metropolitan cities urbanized much have been affected much by their historical, geographic and environmental factors regardless of their financial self-reliance. So, it is deemed necessary to find the policy alternatives appropriate to the conditions of each local autonomous administration.Third, as a result of analyzing the roads and parks accounting for the absolute majority of the unrealized urban planning facilities, it was found that the budget had been allotted first to the new roads and main roads because they had been supported politically. In particular, due to the high cost for compensation, many roads in the metropolitan cities could not afford to be constructed. The poorer the financial condition of a metropolitan city was, more roads were not constructed, and the longer a city was, more roads were not constructed.Based on the above findings, it is conceived necessary to manage the unrealized urban planning facilities effectively. If they remain unrealized, more serious problems would arise. So, it is necessary to find the solutions based on such a perception. In addition, it is deemed essential to continue to explore the ways to realize the urban facilities planned through such measures as preliminary feasibility study, revision of relevant codes, linkage between phased execution plans and local financial plans, deregulation of construction, readjustment of construction hours after sunset and reform of central government's subsidy system.Lastly, it is hoped that this study will be followed up by future studies which will ① analyze the urban planning facilities by category, ② comparatively analyze the conditions of unrealized urban planning facilities between metropolitan cities and local autonomous administrations and ③ analyze the effects of the linkage between basic urban plans and financial plans in consideration of each local autonomous administration's conditions.