문학치료가 가정폭력 피해 여성의 우울증에 미치는 효과 : 집단문학치료장에서 자전적 글쓰기를 수단으로 = The Effect of Litertherapy on Female Family Violence Victims' Depression : Using autobiographical writing as a means of group literatherapy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Recently family violence is emerging as a serious problem in our society. The government is helping family violence victims by enacting ‘the Family Violence Prevention Act’ and providing shelters for temporary protection. However, there are not many programs for managing and treating the victims’ psychological shocks.
The present study purposed to examine the effects of literatherapy intervention on female family violence victims’ physical and mental depression. As there have been few clinical researches on literatherapy, we conducted a case study to see whether literatherapy is effective and applicable as a relief for female family violence victims’ depression.
The subjects of this study were 6 women who were admitted to ‘OO Women’s House,’ a shelter for female family violence victims in Changwon. The program was conducted during the period from the 12th to 26th of August, 2006 through a total of 16 sessions and 90 minutes in each session for 6 hours on Saturday and 3 hours on Sunday. Literatherapy was designed to reduce female family violence victims’ depression, and their depression was compared through a pre-test and a post-test. Depression was measured using BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) and CES-D (The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Inventory). In order to examine the subjects’ psychological characteristics and the effects of the therapy, we conducted SSCT (Sacks Sentence Completion Test), a projective test.
The hypotheses of this research are as follows. First, female family violence victims’ depression can be intervened in by literatherapy. Second, female family violence victims’ depression will be reduced by literatherapy. Third, female family violence victims’ negative attitude will be reduced by literatherapy. Fourth, female family violence victims’ positive emotion will be increased by literatherapy. The objectives of this research were: first, to draw emotions by stimulating the participants’ numbed physical senses; second, to release the participants’ unconsciously suppressed emotion through writing; third, to enhance the participants’ understanding of themselves and others; and fourth, to restore the participants’ self-esteem and confidence and establish their self-identity.
The results of BDI and CES-D tests confirmed that literatherapy intervention using autobiographical writing reduces female family violence victims’ depression. At the beginning, the depressed participants were easily distracted through slow acting and thinking and provided feedback little. With the proceeding of sessions, however, they expressed their feelings in language, paid attention to others’ stories, and understood and accepted their own emotions.
When the results of factor analysis using the depression scales were analyzed, negative attitude was found to decrease, suggesting that the literatherapy intervention was effective. With the reduction of negative attitude, we observed improvements in self-support, self-reinforcement and self-esteem. In case of Mona Lisa who showed the biggest change, dependency on the husband disappeared and stateliness and confidence were observed in the sentence completion test.
After the group literatherapy, the female family violence victims’ depression decreased and their negative attitude changed significantly. In group literatherapy, they rediscovered their inner self and revealed through literary writing their suppressed feelings and what they could not speak, and these effects led to healing. In addition, their self was reinforced through the understanding of their feelings and emotional integration.
The meaning of literatherapy intervention in depression was found in that the female family violence victims came to understand their present emotion through expressing their situation symbolically and safely without revealing the reality and discovering their inner self wounded during their youth and the therapy provided them with an opportunity to perceive their self in the past and the present and integrate it and, ultimately, to get out of depression.
The disease is ‘a language for what cannot be told or is not told,’ and litera therapy is ‘telling what cannot be told.’ Considering that depression is suppressed anger and unspoken voice, this study proved that literatherapy intervention has a therapeutic power as its participants acquire insight into ‘what cannot be told’ through literary writing

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구의 방법 = 4
• 3. 연구의 제한점 = 4
• 4. 용어의 정의 = 5
• 1) 가정폭력 피해 여성 = 5
• 2) 우울증 = 5
• 3) 문학치료 = 6
• 4) 자전적 글쓰기 = 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 7
• 1. 가정폭력과 우울증 = 7
• 1) 가정폭력 피해 여성의 심리적 상황 = 7
• 2) 가정폭력 피해 여성의 우울증 = 8
• 3) 우울증의 문학치료적 중재 = 12
• 4) 우울증의 일반적인 치료의 접근 = 14
• 2. 문학치료에 대한 이해 = 16
• 1) 문학치료의 정의 = 16
• 2) 문학치료의 이론적 배경 = 18
• 3. 문학치료에서의 자전적 글쓰기 = 23
• 1) 자전적 글쓰기 = 23
• 2) 문학치료에서 자전적 글쓰기의 효과 = 24
• 4. 집단문학치료의 세팅 = 26
• 5. 우울증 문학치료 중재의 효과 요인 = 27
• 1) 자신의 정서 인식과 형상화 과정 = 27
• 2) 상징화 과정 = 28
• 3) 피드백과 셰어링의 과정 = 28
• 4) 긍정적 감정 수용의 과정 = 29
• Ⅲ. 집단문학치료의 임상 연구 = 30
• 1. 연구 대상 = 30
• 2. 연구 문제 = 30
• 3. 측정 도구 = 31
• 1) 우울진단 척도 (Beck Depression Inventory: BDI) = 31
• 2) 우울진단 척도(The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Inventory: CES-D) = 31
• 3) 문장완성검사 (Sacks Sentence Completion Test: SSCT) = 32
• 4. 연구 절차 = 32
• 1) 목표 = 33
• 2) 문학치료의 세팅과 과정 = 33
• Ⅳ. 자료분석 = 40
• 1. 집단 문학치료의 질적 분석 = 40
• 1) 도입단계(1회기-4회기) = 40
• 2) 작업단계(5회기-10회기) = 44
• 3) 통합단계(11회기-14회기) = 52
• 4) 새방향 설정단계(15회기-16회기) = 55
• 2. 집단 문학치료의 검사 분석 = 58
• 1) 우울진단 척도 = 58
• 2) 부정적 태도의 변화 = 60
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 논의 = 63
• 참고 문헌 = 66
• Abstract = 69
• 부록 = 72