Disasters are divided into two types. One is the 'natural disaster' resulting from unpredictable and sudden natural phenomena such as typhoons, floods, earthquakes, etc. The other is the 'human-induced disaster' resulting from fires, traffic accidents...
Disasters are divided into two types. One is the 'natural disaster' resulting from unpredictable and sudden natural phenomena such as typhoons, floods, earthquakes, etc. The other is the 'human-induced disaster' resulting from fires, traffic accidents, demolitions, and explosions, which can decrease when well controlled.
But, the U.N. specialists of disaster countermeasures insist that a considerable part of the natural disaster can be prevented by improving environmental countermeasures and safety treatment, because natural disasters are ultimately a result of the human beings' destruction of nature.
In Korea, natural disasters cost a great number of human life and property every year. Especially, due to the typhoon, 'Maemi' on September, 2003, we lost 4,781 billion won of property and 130 lives. With wide and immediate information propagation capability, the broadcasting's priority is to protect property and human lives and to minimize the damage from natural disater, minimize the damage.
In this thesis, I, first of all, surveyed the disaster administration system of Korean Government. Also, the disaster-prevention broadcasting system of the United States of America and Japan, considered as advanced, was analyzed for models to compare and adopt. The purpose of the study, thus, is to present an comprehensive and effective disaster broadcasting system for our good.
The questions of this study are as follows:
First, how are the nations in advance implementing disaster-prevention broadcasting?
Second, what are the present conditions and problems of our country's broadcasting system regarding natural disaster?
Third, what are reform measures for efficient system construction in disaster broadcasting?
In order examine the research questions, I analyzed legal, systematical, and technical facet of the related institutions such as Center Safety Supervision Committee, Central Countermeasures Headquarters Council, Korean Broadcasting Commission, National Broadcasting Company, Local Broadcasting Company and Korea Meteorological Administration.
In legal facet, there was a command & control system of disaster. It consisted of 'The Standing Planning Committee of Emergency' and 'The Committee of Civil Defense'. The former is under the Office of the prime minister. The latter belongs to the authority of the ministry of government administration and home affairs. This command & control system of disaster was integrated and reorganized into Center Safety Supervision Commission as the Fire Fighting Room established in 2003. However, there is no subcommittee regarding disaster broadcasting in Center Safety Supervision Commission. Also, the authority of Korean Broadcasting Commission is not sufficient enough. It is said that MBC and SBS, as well as KBS, the country's prime public broadcasting system, should be subjected to disaster broadcasting.
In systematical facet, leadership and decision procedures are the major hinderance to disaster broadcasting, although broadcasting systems are equipped with the manual and supposed to operate it. Especially, each broadcasting company hasn't created its own department for disaster affairs. Also, the companies haven't provided experts, education or training system for related workers.
In technical facet, as there is the lack of investment in information communication and broadcasting technology and weather forecast for national disaster administration, it is difficult to gather and transform quick and precise data when a disaster occurs.
Accordingly, we suggest the integration of disaster administration system, the reinforcement role of Korean Broadcasting Commission, the programming autonomy of broadcasting companies, and the construction of integrated broadcasting system in legal facet. In systematic facet, it is requested that the manual provided by KBC and broadcasting companies should be improved and applied more systematically. It is argued that broadcasting companies should establish exclusive disaster-related department and provide full-scale education and training for their workers. We suggest disaster broadcasting should connect with not only central broadcasting but also cable TV, internet. Finally, in technical facet, it is stressed that enough government invest and supplement and experts are urgent for the effective technical system.