Retirement, which is familiar to the middle-aged’s employee recently, has been predictable and common life events. In addition, retirement specially to the middle-aged’s employee who are planning for retirement, and the eruptive increase in the po...
Retirement, which is familiar to the middle-aged’s employee recently, has been predictable and common life events. In addition, retirement specially to the middle-aged’s employee who are planning for retirement, and the eruptive increase in the population of the aged caused by the prolongment of the average life expectancy and life expectancy as well, has been perceived as an uncertain future. So this study was to focus on and find out what affections of vocation attributes of the middle-aged’s employee had on their retirement attitudes. The purpose of this study was intended to grope for proper intervention strategies of social welfare, which would help the male and female employee who would be confronted with these realties before long to have positive attitudes toward retirement, to understand the middle-aged’s adjustment to retirement, and to more healthy and favorable social adaptation after retirement.
This study surveyed on the middle-aged’s male and female employee who were 40-59 years and worked at the governmental and individual enterprise only with a definite standard on retirement age and located in Seoul and Kyonggi area, and it used to analyse 337 questionnaires finally. Researcher operated SPSS Win 12.0 and performed frequency, reliability, t-test and ANOVA. Also researcher performed Pearson correlation analysis to diagnose multicollinearity and carried out hierarchical regression in order to estimate which factor had affection on retirement attitudes of the middle-aged’s employee.
The findings of this study are as follows.
First, as a result of analysing retirement attitudes according to vocation attributes, it showed that the general perception level of the middle-aged’s attitudes toward retirement was positive but was lower than that of western literatures.
Second, in kinds of job according to the variable of vocation attributes, it indicated that the professional (other vocations) had more positive than the clerical/the managerial, skill/the technical, blue collar workers on retirement attitudes. Also the higher job stability was, the more retirement attitude was positive, and the lower the job orientation was, the more retirement attitude was positive.
Third, in socio-demographical characteristics of respondents, it verified that educational level and health state had significant effects on their retirement attitudes. In other words, the higher educational level was, the better health state was, the more retirement attitude was positive. In short, socio-demographical characteristics have relations with retirement attitudes.
Fourth, as a result of investigating retirement preparation education and needs of its program, and retirement attitudes as well, it showed that most of respondents (83.7%) were positive on necessity of retirement preparation education and intentions of participation.
This study suggests as follows.
First, in kinds of job according to vocation attributes, it is necessary to investigate and analyses needs of the employee who woke on the clerical/the managerial, skill/the technical, blue collar workers and who have negative than the professional (other vocations) on retirement attitudes. Then special engagements of social welfare were needed for them to go on with stable life of job. Also, government makes all policy efforts to improve their working conditions and to enlarge possible support system for enhancing job satisfaction and for having positive retirement attitudes.
Second, in socio-demographical characteristics, above mentioned, the higher educational level was, the better health state was, the more retirement attitude was positive, so government and enterprises must be concerned with these vulnerable groups with their employment unstable, and devise institutional steps for them.
Third, it is necessary for government and each enterprise to promptly practice systematic developments and educations on retirement preparation program for the would-be retired. For this purpose, it is urgent for them to employ the competent professional who are equipped with erudite knowledges and who can charge of educations and consultations on retirement preparation.
Fourth, it is a right time that government and each enterprise should consider and phase in new system such as wage peak system, which ensure stable employment during the stipulated time instead of gradually upward adjustment in retirement age and also phase down in wage.
I think that the findings of this study will be utilized as fundamental materials for policy-making and for developing retirement preparation program for the would-be retired.