In this study, preventive horticultural therapy, which has structure and elements, was conducted to housewives who didn't have problems medically diagnosed. Also, horticultural therapy for treatment was performed to psychiatric patients who had psychological problems medically diagnosed. Finally, horticultural therapy for rehabilitation was operated to the physically disabled who had physical problems medically diagnosed. Through the process, the effects of horticultural therapy were examined by each client. Furthermore, the investment cost for horticultural therapy and profit structure were analyzed and an economic ripple effect and the ripple effect for floricultural industry were investigated through the estimate of economic value and expected consumption of flowering plants with cost-effectiveness analysis used. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to reflect its results to the establishment of an employment plan and the estimate for material cost and treatment cost for further horticultural therapy industry.
The objects were 12 housewives who had an experience to visit or use Y Women resources development center in Cheonan, Chungnam. From Aug, 5th, 2003 to Oct, 10th, 2003, therapy was performed twice a week, and total 15 times. After that, 10 housewives who had an experience to visit or use Y Women resources development center in Cheonan, Chungnam received horticultural therapy twice a week, total 17 times from Oct, 14th, 2003 to Dec, 6th, 2003. From Oct, 7th, 2005, 10 housewives, who agreed to participated in this study from women's association of an apartment in Cheonan, Chungnam, received the therapy twice a week and total 17 times as well. From the result, it was found that self-respect was improved and their stress was decreased. Consequently, the therapy brought a positive result to objects. To the contrary, in a control group, there was no difference in self-respect, but stress somewhat increased.
To hospitalized mental cases, horticultural therapy was conducted from Apr, 17th, 2004 to Jul, 27th, 2004, twice a week, total 54 times, and also from Oct, 12th, 2004 to Dec, 21st, 2004, twice a week, total 37 times. The result showed that it had a positive effect on patients, reducing positive, negative, pathological and overall symptoms in experiment group regarding negative and positive symptoms and blood dopamine of mental cases. However, in control group, negative, positive and overall symptoms were significantly reduced as well. Additionally, dopamine, which is involved in the attention problem and positive symptoms such as delusion, was statistically declined in experiment group.
Among the physically disabled, hospitalized patients in orthopedics and rehabilitation medicine were given the horticultural therapy from Sep, 26th, 2003 to Dec, 19th, 2003, twice a week, total 21 times. The result showed that the recognition of pain was meaningfully decreased and grip strength tended to increase, but a significant change didn't statistically appear. State anger also decreased, but there was no statistic significance.
Economic value of horticultural therapy was analyzed by the cost of therapy programs conducted to housewives and mental cases among above programs.
In respect of the program for housewives, cost structure and investment cost were calculated. When a person participated in a program one time, fixed cost was \ 1,715. Variable cost except for labor cost was \ 2,258 and investment cost for one time was around \ 8,973 per a person including labor cost of dispatched staffs. After a ripple effect of the market was analyzed, it was examined that it would be \ 330 million after 2010, when organization introduced horticultural therapy with current distribution rate and potential market was completely secured. Besides, since it is predicted that 240 women's institutes would have been generated till 2010, an economic ripple effect would be over \ a billion. According to the increase in the numbers of institutes every year, the effect of profit generation would be about \ 270 million, when treatment cost was \ 8,000 for one time. When treatment cost was \ 10,000 for one time, it would be around \ 340 million. When treatment cost was set up as \ 8,000 for one time, the current price of total cost would be \ 661,860,245 and the current price of total profit could be \ 557,988,896. B/C ratio was 0.84 and ROI was -16%. When treatment cost was estimated as \ 10,000, the current price of total cost was \ 661,860,245 and the current price of total profit was \ 697,486,121. B/C ratio was 1.05 and ROI was 5%. In other words, it was anticipated that \ 35.6 million could be generated as profit, when treatment cost was established as \ 10,000. Regarding the break-even point, a staff should perform 11 programs, which had at least 10 participants, per week, when treatment cost was \ 8,000 and there were exclusive staffs. When treatment cost was \ 10,000, an exclusive staff should operate 8 programs per week. When \ 50,000 was paid to a dispatched staff and treatment cost was \ 8,000, there should be at least 12 participants per program to economically generate much more profit than cost. When treatment cost was \ 10,000, at least 9 participants needed per program to get economic profit.
As for the increase in farmers' income, when 242 institutes would have adapted horticultural therapy till 2010, 'the increase in farmer's sales amount' was estimated as \ 40,635,990, and 'the increase in farmer's profit' would be \ 15,429,485. It was understood that housewives were able to pay \ 5,000 for horticultural therapy without economic burden considering the possibility of payment for horticultural therapy.
After investment cost of horticultural therapy for mental cases was calculated, fixed cost was \ 1,738 for one time per a person. Variable cost except for labor cost was \ 1,809 and total investment cost was around \ 8,547 for one time per a person including labor cost for dispatched staffs. As for an economic ripple effect by horticultural therapy, after 2010, it would be over \ 5.7 billion with the current distribution status. When potential market was ensured, it would be \ 7.7 billion. Furthermore, when the optimal markets of mental health related organizations were secured, it would be more than \ 13 billion. When treatment cost was established as \ 7,890 on 2010, the effect of profit generation would be around \ 600 million. When treatment cost was \ 8,600, profit would be \ 650 million. When it was \ 11,000, profit would be about \ 839 million. Furthermore, it was anticipated that profit would have increased to \ 1.227 billion after 5~10 year from now. When \ 7,890 was set up for treatment cost, the current price of total cost would be \ 7,498,817,813 and the current price of total profit would be \ 5,625,748,068. B/C ratio was 0.75 and ROI was -25%. When \ 11,000 was set up for treatment cost, the current price of total price would be 7,498,817,813 and the current price of total profit would be 7,754,790,570. B/C ratio was 1.03 and ROI was 3%. Ultimately, profit was expected to be \ 255,972,757. For the break-even point, in the case of employment of exclusive staffs, when treatment cost was \ 7,890, a staff should perform 19 programs per week and at least 10 participants should be in the programs. When treatment cost was \ 11,000, a staff should operate 11 programs per week. In the case of employment of dispatched staffs, when treatment cost was \ 7,890 and each staff received \ 50,000 as their payment, each program should have at least 17 participants to get economic profit. When treatment cost was \ 11,000, each program should have at least 10 participants to generate more profit than cost. Regarding the increase in farmer's income, when the biggest market was ensured as 439 institutes would have introduced horticultural therapy till 2010, 'the increase in farmer's sales' could be \ 49,213,575 and 'the increase in farmer's income' could be \ 18,686,394. It was expected that horticultural therapy could be conducted to mental cases, when treatment cost was \ 3,000, to \ 5,000.