To meet the rapid changes of the administration environment, empowerment is becoming more and more important. Empowerment demands that the leader of local community should understand importances of changes renovate leadership and that members should p...
To meet the rapid changes of the administration environment, empowerment is becoming more and more important. Empowerment demands that the leader of local community should understand importances of changes renovate leadership and that members should pursue capability of job achievements.
In this aspect, we have analyzed the effect of that the leader of local government has on public servants and their organizational commitment by comparing renovate leadership and transactional leadership. We have chosen empowerment, which is a renovation-oriented administration management, as a parameter to analyze the effect of empowerment on the type of leadership and organizational commitment.
The purpose of this study is to bring sound development of local autonomy by presenting a desirable type of leadership and to present a proper direction of type of leadership to maximize the effect of empowerment. Also, we have intended to find how much parameter effect empowerment has in the type of leadership and the constitutional devotion of public servants, which is the basis of efficiency of constitution. We will show which type of leadership is most desirable from the results of our analysis.
To meet this purpose, we have focused on leadership of basic local government in this study. The scope of the study and method of analysis are as follows:
First, we have surveyed public servants of basic local government from March 10th to March 30th, 2006. The leaders of this basic government were elected in 2002 during the third local election.
Second, we have chosen the basic local government in Daegu. This local government has been chosen because there are not enough positive studies done on leadership of basic local government. It was easy to obtain positive information on the leadership of basic local government through questionnaires distributed to the employees of basic local government, also because public servants of basic local government is more easily affected by leadership than those of large-unit local government organization, since the former have more opportunities to come into contact with their leaders.
Third, we combined the information from the positive questionnaires with information gained by researching various sources of literature. We have systematically defined the relationship between leadership, empowerment, and constitutional devotion through studying research reports from Korea and abroad. Specifically, the theory of leadership by Bass(1985), the theory of empowerment by Speritzer(1995) and the theory of organizational commitment by Meyer & Allen(1990) have been investigated and questionnaire has been prepared. Renovate leadership (charisma, individual consideration, intellectual encouragement) and transactional leadership (conditional compensation, management by exceptions) is set as independent variables. Constitutional devotion was treated as a dependent variable while empowerment was set as a parameter. Positive analysis was carried out using SPSS WIN 12.0 to determine the statistical significance. AMOS 5.0 was used as a structural equation model analysis to verify theoretical assumptions.
The analysis model of this study is shown in the Figure 1.
(Figure 1) Model of this Study
Results from our positive analysis are listed below:
First, charismatic renovate leadership and management-by-exception transactional leadership are found to have positive effect on empowerment. This shows that leaders of basic local government exhibit renovate, and transactional leadership at the same time and that it is necessary to exhibit both types of leadership effectively depending on the situation.
Second, renovate leadership has much more effect on constitutional devotion than transactional leadership. This shows that leaders of local government should utilize charismatic leadership and intellectual encouragement to improve constitutional devotion and that each leader has to work on improving their own abilities concerning these leadership characteristics.
Third, the level of constitutional devotion, which is a key issue of organizational outcome and effectiveness increase when empowerment is introduced to local government. This result suggests that the leaders should consider empowerment to improve organizational outcome as well as other methods.
Fourth, as far as parameter effect of empowerment is concerned, we have reached the conclusion that the effect of empowerment increases as leaders exhibit renovate leadership and that organizational commitment, organizational effectiveness, increases through the parameter effect of empowerment.
These results implicate that future leaders of basic local governments are required to act as renovate leaders through understanding principles and attributes of renovate leadership. We suggest following important guidelines, which renovate leaders, should follow in their duties.
First, leaders of local government should understand that the administrational organization is an organic system, which is mutually interactive.
Second, leaders of local government should establish future strategies and share them with constituents.
Third, leaders of local government should institutionalize new management systems.
Fourth, leaders of local government should find and train qualified people in relation to process management.
Fifth, leaders of local government should delegate rights to individual or team under his authority.
Sixth, leaders of local government should predict operational procedures and their results while trying to control them to a certain extent.
Seventh, leaders of local government should recognize and compensate continuous efforts to improve duty executions of individuals under his charge.
Eighth, leaders local government should try to induce continuous change local government levels as well as other administrations.