(Abstract)
With the introduction of modern democratic ideals, the Korean society, shedding its past centralized national administration system, is aspiring after an innovative localized administration system. Nationals' enhanced mentality and moder...
(Abstract)
With the introduction of modern democratic ideals, the Korean society, shedding its past centralized national administration system, is aspiring after an innovative localized administration system. Nationals' enhanced mentality and modernized lifestyles have led the state and centralized government-oriented administration to suffer nationals' loss of confidence in and avoidance of them. Recent frequent incidents of group civil complaints, and the collapse and paralysis of public power on rallying venues are not necessarily seen only as specific groups' opposition to state policies. The centralized government's consistent pursuit of administration policies for national interests does not take account of balanced regional development and regional characteristics, and is considered the monopoly of the pre-modern centralized state model, thereby making it anachronistic and unfit for the governance of modern society which aims for localized administration systems and balanced regional development.
In line with such national aspirations and times' trends, the incumbent government is striving to introduce a municipal police system as part of its major strategy to structure a localized administration system to establish citizen-oriented governance. The municipal police system aims to ensure a linkage between local administration and security administration, provide resident-oriented security services fit for regional characteristics, and thus enhance the comprehensive administration capabilities of municipalities to promote the welfare of regional residents. It also seeks to create a systematic foundation to bolster the nation's whole security capabilities. Thus, the municipal police system is deemed to be the landmark perfection of localized power thoughts to positively reflect regional characteristics and residents' views. In particular, with the development of localized municipalities, and an increasing demand for a balance between localized administration and security administration, the municipal police system is increasingly enhancing the justification of its introduction even from the viewpoint of national police because it will boost police administration's access to residents, systemize security services for residents, and thus ensure resident-friendly police administration.
Based on these discussions, this research seeks to intensively shed light on the municipal police system which is certain to be introduced to the nation, and verify the effect of the new appointment system presented herein from the viewpoint of police and experts in related areas, thus contributing to having the municipal police system in place stably. In particular, this research sets as the most core factors the recruiting, selection, education and training, and placement in the process of a new appointment, centered on Municipal Police Introduction (Plan) submitted to the National Assembly, and presents the most efficient measures for securing and operating manpower.
As a research methodology, a questionnaire method was conducted targeting 400 police officials who worked in police stations in areas which were both under model implementation of the municipal police system and not under it. A descriptive analysis of the collected data was conducted according to the demographic characteristics of the sample, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was determined through reliability analysis to verify the measurement tool. Likewise, regression analysis of items of selected factors was conducted. More importantly, to secure the reliability of the analytical method of the questionnaire method, interviews with the group of experts on the municipal police system were conducted. Since the qualitative research methodology, interview method, is an inductive method designed to explain general principles and argumentative points with questions on special facts, making it useful in describing and answering questions on the context of research together with interviewees, and complementing the deductive questionnaire method, it was adopted.
Corresponding research results are as follows. First, respondents showed distinctively different levels of awareness on the recruitment of municipal police according to their demographic characteristics as to whether the head or manager of the municipal police implements open administrative job recruiting system, expanded recruiting of women and manpower in special recruitment, and the exclusive employment rights of the head of the municipality. Second, respondents showed distinctively different levels of awareness on the selection of the municipal police as to the adoption of test subjects fitting jobs, interviews, enhanced subjective evaluations, and verification of qualifications of specially recruited personnel, according to their demographic characteristics. Third, respondents showed distinctively different levels of awareness on the education and training of the municipal police as to the securing of independent education and training agencies, establishment of curricula fit for characteristics of the municipal police, and utilization of education facilities and professors of regional universities, according to their demographic characteristics. Fourth, respondents showed distinctively different levels of awareness on the placement of the municipal police as to side effects caused by the placement of region-hailing personnel, implementation of interview system prior to a new placement, and priority placement of policewomen to the civil service section. Except these results with a statistically significant difference concerning the questionnaire method targeting police officials, the researcher could not induce his intended results due to respondents' lack of awareness of the municipal police system and somewhat difficult questions.
The interview method targeting experts on the muncipal police system produced satisfactory results concerning the securing of effects of recruiting, selection, education and training, and placement, as well as corresponding problems. Produced were satisfactory interview results fit for the researcher's intention regarding positive recruiting for the securing of human resources, necessity of publicity campaigns, justification of operating open job recruiting system, expansion of ratios of recruiting women and special recruitment, whether to enhance interviews and subjective evaluation, measures to link the system with regional universities, and interview system prior to placement to improve initial jobs. This sufficiently supplemented limitations of the quantitative research.
This research, through a proven study, enhanced the effect of a new appointment, and presented policy measures as follows that should be considered in introducing the municipal police. To stably have in place the municipal police system aimed at fulfilling resident-oriented governance, First, positive recruitment and publicity campaigns should be conducted to attract a great deal of able human resources, thus improving the quality of the organization of municipal police. Likewise, to secure democracy and political neutrality of the municipal police, the head and manager of the municipal police should be hired through open job recruitment, and to provide resident-friendly and meticulous services to residents, the ratio of women recruitment should be expanded. Second, by making recruitment tests practical, the deviation of able human resources should be prevented, and unqualified personnel should be excluded through enhanced interviews and subjective evaluations. Also, by encouraging special recruitment, superior, talented individuals of regional universities should be positively attracted. Third, educational methods focused on the autonomy and responsibilities of municipal police should be ensured, regional education infrastructures should be augmented, and the linking of the system with regional universities should be pursued to improve the quality of education and training of newly recruited personnel. Also, curricula should be developed to befit jobs of the municipal police, thus improving relations with residents and activating communications with them. Fourth, an interview system prior to placement to improve initial jobs should be implemented, and a balanced placement of experienced staff and newly recruited staff should be conducted to address initial uncertainties of introducing the municipal police system. Also, among other things, to sufficiently secure well-experienced and knowledgeable national police officials, appropriate incentives should be formulated. Lastly, the government and municipalities are expected to accommodate proposals made herein to the full, secure able human resources and develop their abilities, thus contributing to stably having the municipal police system in place, and this research is expected to serve as the foundation to fulfill police activities for regional communities.