컨테이너터미널의 RFID 효과 분석 = A Study on the Efficiency of RFID Application in Container Terminal

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The competition of shipping companies, ports and transportation modes has been influenced seriously by the introduction of ultra-large containerships, M&A or strategic alliances among shipping companies, and the business expansion of shipping companies for private terminals. In this competitive environment, each port expands facilities and equipment, improves information systems and customer service, reduces total costs as well as time. Especially, container terminal operators find and solve operational problems to eliminate unproductive factors. According to the Ubiquitous environment, operational systems applying RFID/USN technology have realized and gained convenience and efficiency. Investigations and researches on RFID/USN application to port logistics are also in progress because of its expected potential to improve efficiency of container terminals.
This thesis shows the trends in RFID technology and case studies which are applied to port logistics. On the basis of prevenient researches, the fields which are applicable by RFID applications are derived and analyzed to make assure the applicability. With ANP analysis, a survey of specialists estimates priority of various fields applied by RFID in container terminals. Simulation is also utilized to improve practical application to overcome the limits of ANP analysis. On the basis of this research, five advantageous effects are presented when RFID technology is applied to container terminals. First, Gate area is optimal to apply RFID system in container terminals. It is expected to deliver containers smoothly and solve the existing problems of Bar-Code system and container number recognition system. Especially, it is possible to reduce manpower as well as incoming and outgoing time of Gate. Second, the construction of RFID infrastructure is important to track movements of containers and the advance information related to movements maximize the efficiency of RFID. Third, the rate of rehandling equipment is lowered and the utility of yard space is improved when Ubiquitous system representing RFID and USN is applied. Also, the movement of equipment is minimized because it is recognized in advance. To improve productivity, it is necessary to build RFID, RTLS and Job Order receiving of Yard Tractor at once. Forth, the real-time system for container information is expected to improve customer service although RFID/USN system is less important than productivity and economical efficiency from the viewpoint of terminal operation. Finally, the problems related to container security should be under consideration. Because security and safety will be strengthened although its importance is the lowest as a result of ANP analysis. Especially, all of the containers which are not applicable to RFID system are going to be inspected in detail by the American customs.
As a result, the lead time for imports and exports will be longer due to customs clearance delays and so on, and it is considered a disadvantage for this system, and has a negative effect on International Logistics of transport system. Therefore, systematic approach is needed for container security.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 및 목적 = 1
• 1.2 연구의 방법 및 구성 = 3
• 제2장 RFID 및 컨테이너터미널 관련 선행연구 고찰 = 5
• 2.1 해운·항만 환경변화 및 RFID 기술동향 = 5
• 1) 해운·항만 환경 분석 = 5
• 2) 자동화 컨테이너터미널 운영체계 분석 = 12
• 3) RFID 기술동향 = 18
• 2.2 RFID를 적용한 컨테이너터미널 시범사업 현황 = 28
• 1) RFID 기반 항만물류 효율화사업 = 28
• 2) 시범사업 결과 = 28
• 2.3 RFID 적용을 위한 선행연구 고찰 = 34
• 1) RFID 적용을 위한 이론적 연구 = 34
• 2) RFID 측정 및 평가에 대한 연구 = 38
• 3) RFID 관련 기존문헌 종합 = 46
• 제3장 컨테이너터미널에서의 RFID 시스템 적용방안 = 48
• 3.1 컨테이너터미널 Gate 통과시스템의 적용방안 = 48
• 1) Gate 통과시스템 개요 = 48
• 2) Gate 통과시스템의 RFID 시스템 적용 = 50
• 3.2 컨테이너터미널 장치장 운영시스템의 적용방안 = 51
• 1) 장치장 운영시스템 개요 = 51
• 2) 장치장 운영시스템의 RFID 시스템 적용 = 54
• 3.3 컨테이너터미널 적·양하 운영시스템의 적용방안 = 55
• 1) 적·양하 운영시스템 개요 = 55
• 2) 적·양하 운영시스템별 RFID 시스템 적용 = 56
• 3.4 RFID의 항만물류시스템 적용 방안 및 효과 = 57
• 1) 항만물류시스템 적용 방안 = 57
• 2) 항만물류시스템 적용 방안에 따른 효과 = 59
• 제4장 ANP를 통한 RFID 핵심 적용분야 도출 = 63
• 4.1 ANP 모형 및 조사 설계 = 63
• 1) RFID 적용분야 도출을 위한 ANP 모형 = 63
• 2) RFID 기술적용을 위한 평가기준 고찰 = 64
• 3) 조사 설계 및 분석방법 = 65
• 4.2 ANP(Analytic Network Process) 개요 및 이론적 배경 = 66
• 1) AHP와 ANP 개요 = 66
• 2) ANP의 이론적 고찰 = 69
• 4.3 RFID 적용분야 도출을 위한 ANP 분석 = 71
• 1) 전문가 개인별 ANP 분석 과정 = 71
• 2) 전문가 개인별 일관성 비율(CR) 분석 = 78
• 3) RFID 적용분야 도출을 위한 ANP 분석 = 79
• 4) 전문가의 업무분야별 RFID 적용분야 도출 = 87
• 제5장 RFID 적용을 위한 시뮬레이션 설계 및 구현 = 92
• 5.1 시뮬레이션 수행 목적 = 92
• 5.2 시뮬레이션 모형 구축 = 93
• 1) 대상 터미널 선정 이유 및 일반현황 = 93
• 2) 시뮬레이션 흐름 및 기본구조 = 97
• 3) 시뮬레이션 입력자료 = 98
• 4) 시나리오 전제조건 및 설정 = 104
• 5.3 시뮬레이션 결과 분석 = 108
• 1) Gate 시스템 시뮬레이션 결과 및 기대효과 = 108
• 2) Yard 시스템 시뮬레이션 결과 및 기대효과 = 116
• 3) 안벽 시스템 시뮬레이션 결과 및 기대효과 = 131
• 4) 시뮬레이션 종합분석 = 133
• 제6장 결론 및 향후 연구방향 = 135
• 6.1 결론 및 시사점 = 135
• 6.2 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향 = 138
• 참고문헌 = 140