어머니의 인구사회학적 특성이 아동권리에 대한 인식에 미치는 영향 = Mother‘s Demographic and Socio-economic Characteristics and their Perception on the Rights of the Children

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Children are in the process of physical and mental growth. They are vulnerable and cannot defend themselves. In order to put child welfare on the right track to guarantee their rights, the focus of attention should be placed on mothers rather than children themselves, since mothers are mainly responsible for child rearing and spend a lot of time with their children. The weight and roles of mothers are extremely important, as they stay in touch with them the most and have a strong impact on them during critical periods. Moreover, how mothers perceive their children is one of the crucial factors to affect children's identity building, target pursuit, security and behaviors. Accordingly, mothers' awareness of children's right is definitely crucial in terms of child welfare.
The purpose of this study was to examine to what extent mothers understood children's rights and how their demographic characteristics (age and number of children) and socioeconomic characteristics(household income, employment and educational level) affected their perception of children's rights.
Multistage cluster sampling was utilized in selecting the subjects of this study. In the first stage, two different districts, Buk-gu and Nam-gu, were selected from Pohang by setting up an administrative unit as a sampling unit, and in the second stage, two schools each were selected by random sampling from among 36 elementary schools in Buk-gu and from among 33 elementary schools in Nam-gu. In the final stage, two or four fifth-year classes each were selected by random sampling based on school size from the selected elementary schools. 360 fifth graders were enrolled in the selected classes, and the subjects in this study were their mothers. Self-administrated questionnaires were employed, which covered their awareness of the importance of children's rights and how much they found their children to enjoy their rights. Five-point scale was used, and the collected data were analyzed with SPSS program. Besides, ANOVA and t-test was utilized.
The major findings of the study were as follows:
First, the mothers took a different view of the importance of children's rights according to their household income, and to what extent they considered their children to enjoy their rights actually was different according to that as well. By subarea, however, their household income made no differences to their cognition of the importance of children's participatory right and how much they found their children to use that right.
Second, whether or not they were stay-at-home mothers made no significant differences to their opinions about the importance of children's rights and to what extent their children enjoyed their rights. And the age of the mothers and the number of children made no significant differences to their view of the two, either.
Third, the educational level of the mothers made no differences to their outlook on the importance of the children's rights, but their opinion on how much their children enjoyed their rights was different according to that. Specifically, there was a statistically significant gap in terms of children's right to be protected.
The above-mentioned findings of the study suggested that mothers, who must know how to let children use their rights and how to protect their rights, should receive appropriate education. As there are a lot of frequent cases to infringe on children's rights, parents should no longer be the only people who must be responsible for their children's rights. This issue should be handled at a social level, and children should be regarded as members of society. To make it happen, an ombudsman or children's right monitoring system that advocates children's rights should be introduced.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• (Abstract)
• Ⅰ. 서 론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 = 4
• 3. 연구 방법 = 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 5
• 1. 아동권리에 대한 고찰 = 5
• 2. 아동권리의 인식에 관한 선행연구 = 15
• Ⅲ. 연구의 방법 = 21
• 1. 분석틀 = 21
• 2. 조사 대상 = 25
• 3. 조사 도구 = 26
• 4. 자료수집과 분석방법 = 32
• Ⅳ. 분석결과 = 33
• 1. 일반적 특성 = 33
• 2. 어머니의 사회경제적 특성에 따른 아동권리에 대한 인식 차이 = 35
• 3. 어머니의 인구학적 특성에 따른 아동권리에 대한 인식 차이 = 41
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 = 45
• 참고문헌 = 49
• <부록> 설문지 = 52