The purpose of this study lies in analyzing teachers’ desire for self-development pursuant to the teacher developmental stage, and the detailed projects established for obtaining the goal of the study are as follows.
First, what is the difference b...
The purpose of this study lies in analyzing teachers’ desire for self-development pursuant to the teacher developmental stage, and the detailed projects established for obtaining the goal of the study are as follows.
First, what is the difference between the teacher developmental stage and teachers’ desire for self-development by teachers’ background variables?
Second, how the teacher developmental stage and teachers’ desire for self-development related?
Third, how the teacher developmental stage influences teachers’ desire for self-development?
In order to achieve the goal of the study, related literatures and researches precedent were analyzed, and the conceptual model for this study was established.
The subjects of the study were teachers who were teaching in public elementary schools in Seoul, and they were subject to the simple randomization. The total 470 questionnaires were distributed to 12 schools, and 445 copies were collected. Then, 442 copies except for 3 copies that included missing values or insincere answers were subject to the analysis of the study.
As for a test tool, questionnaires measuring the teacher developmental stage and teachers’ desire for self-development were used, and in order to measure the teacher developmental stage, questionnaires developed by Kim Young-Man(2004) were selected for use, centering around the features of each phase in Burke, Christensen & Fessler(1986)’s Teacher Career Cycle Model(TCCM), and in order to find out the level of teachers’ awareness on desire for self-development, questionnaires about desire for self-development, developed by Kim Sung-Hee(2003) were selected for use in reference to the suggestion of self-development domain by Lee Yoon-Shik(2002).
The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 version program for Window, and statistical methods including average, standard deviation, t-test, simple frequency analysis, independent sample t-test, Oneway-ANOVA, Scheffe, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used.
The results of the study are summarized as follows.
First, when reviewing the analysis results of the teacher developmental stage pursuant to the background variables, as for sex, there was a significant statistical difference in the starting and receptive phase and the easeful and contented phase. That is, female respondents were proven to show the higher starting and receptive phase and the easeful and contented phase than male respondents. As for teacher development, there was a significant statistical difference in the concentrative and growing phase and the easeful and contented phase, which means the higher teacher development is, the higher the concentrative and growing phase and the easeful and contented phase are. As for designation, there was a significant statistical difference between groups in the ability building phase and the concentrative and growing phase. Superintendent teachers were analyzed to demonstrate the higher average values in the ability building phase and the concentrative and growing phase than teachers.
Second, when reviewing the analysis results of desire for self-development pursuant to the background variables, as for sex, female respondents showed higher desire for self-development than male respondents in terms of the personal development domain and the organizational development domain. There was no significant difference in the professional development domain. As for teacher development, there were all significant statistical differences in the personal development domain, the professional development domain, and the organizational development domain of desire for self-development. In other words, as teachers’ development becomes higher, teachers were analyzed to have higher perception in the three domains of desire for self-development. As for designation, there were all significant differences in the personal development domain, professional development domain, and organizational development domain. In other words, superintendent teachers were analyzed to demonstrate higher perception on the personal development domain, professional development domain, and organizational development domain.
Third, when reviewing the correlation between the teacher development phase and teachers’ desire for self-development, the personal development domain showed a static correlation with the personal development domain and the starting and receptive phase, the ability building phase, and the concentrative and growing phase respectively. That is, the higher the starting and receptive, the ability building, and the concentrative and growing phases are, the higher the personal development domain is. The professional development domain showed a static correlation with the personal development domain and the starting and receptive phase, the ability building phase, and the concentrative and growing phase respectively. That is, the higher the starting and receptive, ability building, and concentrative and growing phases are, the higher the professional development domain is. The organizational development domain showed a static correlation with the organizational development domain and the ability building phase respectively. That is, the higher the ability building, and the concentrative and growing phase are, the higher desire for self-development is likely to be.
Fourth, when reviewing the influence of teacher development on teachers’ desire for self-development, the ability building phase, the concentrative and growing phase, and the easeful and contented phase among the components of teacher development phase were found to be influential to teachers’ desire for self-development in order of their influential power. Also, the starting and receptive phase was shown not to significantly influence teachers’ desire for self-development. That is, there was a static relationship between the teacher developmental stage and teachers’ desire for self-development, and it could be interpreted that the higher teachers’ awareness on the ability building phase, the concentrative and growing phase, and the easeful and contented phase in the teacher development phase are, the higher teachers’ desire for self-development becomes.
The results of the study as of now are concluded as follows.
First, teachers had the complicated and dynamic teacher development phase, and showed significant differences according to the background variables. Female teachers showed higher awareness than male teachers in the starting and receptive phase and the easeful and contented phase in the teacher development phase, and it was proven that as teachers’ career is higher, teachers become divided into two including the concentrative and growing phase and the easeful and contented phase. In addition, superintendent teachers were proven to have higher awareness on the ability building phase and the concentrative and growing phase than teachers. Therefore, it needs to induce female teachers who take up the greater portion at schools than male teachers by far, and to approach the more active phase such as the ability building phase and the concentrative and growing phase through the expectation on higher performance of female teachers, and the expansion of opportunities for their wider participation. Furthermore, it also demonstrates that it needs to study problems and prepare training plans for solving lower awareness on the ability building phase and the concentrative and growing phase of teachers with lower career and of teachers with higher career, and general teachers’ lower awareness on the ability building phase and the concentrative and growing phase compared with superintendent teachers.
Second, there was a significant difference in teachers’ desire for self-development pursuant to the background variables. Female teachers showed higher desire in the personal development domain and the organizational development domain than male teachers, and there was no difference in desire for professional development by sex. Also, as teachers’ career was higher, superintendent teachers showed higher differences in all domains including desire for the personal development domain, the professional development domain, and the organizational development domain which are three sub-variables of desire for self-development, than teachers. It would be necessary to prepare plans for enhancing the participation of a broader scope of members of an organization in the operation of school and activities along with institutional devices in the overall domains of society for working women, not only for teachers in the domain of education in order to solve lower awareness on the personal development domain and the organizational development domain particularly of female teachers who take up an absolutely higher portion at elementary schools. In addition, as teachers’ career becomes higher, teachers’ desire for self-development becomes also higher. Therefore, it needs to prepare diverse programs for teachers to satisfy their desire for self-development, and institutional devices that can induce such desire to the direction of maximizing the elongation of teachers’ expertise. It is imperative to seek administrative support plans that enable a teachers’ group including superintendent teachers to actively and independently carry out their duties by having them enhance desire for self-development by expanding teachers’ role and responsibility.
Third, it was proven that there was a significant correlation between teacher developmental stage and desire for self-development. In the correlation of sub-variables of teacher developmental stage and desire for self-development, they were proven to mutually higher in the starting and receptive phase, ability building phase, and concentrative and growing phase, and showed lower correlation in the easeful and contented phase. In other words, it is forecasted that the higher teachers’ starting and receptive phase, the ability building phase, and the concentrative and growing phase are, the higher self-development is likely to be. Accordingly, it needs to develop plans and programs to enhance desire for self-development by having teachers elevate the level of starting and receptive, ability building, and concentrative and growing phases in the development phases.
Fourth, the teacher developmental stage was proven to influence teachers’ desire for self-development. The higher the ability building, the concentrative and growing, and the easeful and contented phases which are teacher development phase, are, the higher teachers’ desire for self-development is, and the starting and receptive phase was shown not to statistically influence the two domains. This means that in terms of teachers’ desire for self-development, a teachers’ group in the ability building phase and the concentrative and growing phase, has relatively higher desire for self-development, than teachers’ groups in other development phases. Therefore, in order to enable a teachers’ group in the easeful and contented phase which was proven to have a statistically low significant relationship with the starting and receptive phase, to have more positive desire for self-development, it needs to prepare plans for leading the group to a teacher development phase group in the ability building phase and the concentrative and growing phase.