양육스트레스가 손자녀 양육 조부모의 심리적 안녕에 미치는 영향 : 사회적 지지의 완충효과를 중심으로 = Impact of parenting stress on the psychological well-being of grandparents raising grandchildren : focusing on the buffering effect of social supports

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ABSTRACT


Impact of Parenting Stress on the Psychological Well-Being of Grandparents Raising Grandchildren
- Focusing on the Buffering Effect of Social Supports -






Jin Hee Bae
Department of Social Welfare
Graduate School
Chonbuk National University


The purpose of this study is to analyse empirically the relationship between parenting stress and the psychological well-being of grandparents who raise their grandchildren. It also aims to examine the buffering effect of social supports in the context of parenting stress. The level of the psychological well-being of grandparents was examined by CES-D and Life Satisfaction Scales.
For these purposes, 358 grandparents who raise grandchildren in Chonbuk province were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Collected data was analysed using SPSS PC programs.
Major findings of this study are as follows ; Firstly, parenting stress affects the psychological well-being of grandparents who raise their grandchildren. The more stress grandparents experience in parenting, the higher the level of depression they feel. And the more stress grandparents experience in parenting, the lower the level of life satisfaction they have.
Secondly, significant relationship is found to be between the size of informal social networks and the psychological well-being of grandparents who raise their grandchildren. Grandparents who have smaller size of informal social networks tend to experience significantly higher level of depression and significantly lower level of life satisfaction compared to the ordinary old people. However the size of formal social networks is not associated with their psychological well-being. A negative relationship exists between the emotional supports grandparents have and the depression level they feel. And a positive relationship is found to exist between the emotional supports and the level of life satisfaction in the context of parenting stress.
Finally, it is found that there is an interactive effect between social support and parenting stress. This means that social support has a buffering effect on the depression from parenting stress. Among the components of social support, the emotional support and the informational support from formal sectors have meaningful buffering effects on the depression of grandparents. From these results it could be suggested that social supports from the formal sectors should be provided to grandparents, who are experiencing severe parenting stress, to lessen the depression and to enhance the life satisfaction.
In conclusion, key findings of this study confirm the existing explanations about the determinants of the psychological well-being of grandparents who take the responsibility to rear their grandchildren: social support plays a positive role in improving the psychological well-being of grandparents. Therefore, various social supportive measures, formal or informal, such as case management programs by social welfare officials and support group programs by public or voluntary sector etc, should be developed to reduce depression and to improve the life satisfaction of grandparents who raise grandchildren.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 문제의 제기 1
• Ⅱ. 문헌 고찰 8
• 1. 이론적 배경 8
• 1) 스트레스 과정모델 8
• 2) 2 요인 이론(two-factors theory) 14
• 2. 손자녀 양육 조부모에 관한 선행연구 고찰 17
• 1) 손자녀 양육 조부모의 심리적 안녕 17
• 2) 손자녀 양육 조부모의 배경적 특성과 심리적 안녕 21
• 3) 손자녀 양육 조부모의 양육스트레스와 심리적 안녕 26
• 4) 손자녀 양육 조부모에 대한 사회적 지지와 심리적 안녕 31
• Ⅲ. 연구문제 및 연구 방법 38
• 1. 연구문제와 연구모형 38
• 2. 변수의 정의 및 측정도구 40
• 3. 자료 수집 및 분석방법 44
• Ⅳ. 분석결과 47
• 1. 조사대상자의 일반적 특성 및 양육실태 47
• 1) 조사 대상자의 특성 47
• 2) 손자녀 양육 실태 51
• 2. 양육스트레스와 사회적 지지, 심리적 안녕간의 관계 60
• 1) 주요 독립변수간의 상관관계 60
• 2) 양육스트레스와 심리적 안녕간의 관계 62
• 3) 심리적 안녕에 대한 사회적 지지의 주효과 66
• 4) 심리적 안녕에 대한 사회적 지지의 완충효과 73
• Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론 86
• 1. 결과 요약 86
• 2. 연구의 함의 89
• 1) 이론적 함의 89
• 2) 정책적 함의 91
• 3) 실천적 함의 94
• 3. 연구의 한계 및 제언 98
• ❚ 참고문헌 100
• ❚ 부록 : 설문지 114