초등학생의 자아존중감과 건강행위 = Self-Esteem and Health Behavior of Elementary School Students

국문 초록 (Abstract)

초등학교 학령기는 성장발달이 빠르고 자아존중감이 발달하고 건강습관이 형성되는 중요한 시기이다. 본 연구는 자아존중감의 중요성을 인식하고 초등학생의 자아존중감과 건강행위 정도를 파악, 관련성을 분석하여 아동들이 긍정적인 자아존중감을 형성하고 건강행위를 증진시키는데 기초자료로 활용하고자 시도되었다. 연구대상은 전주시 3개초등학교 4학년, 6학년 아동 332명으로 자아존중감과 건강행위검사도구를 사용하여 설문조사하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS12.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다.
결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 자아존중감은 4학년이 6학년보다 높았으며 여학생이 남학생보다 높았다. 하위요인별로는 4학년은 가정적영역이 6학년은 사회적영역이 높았으며, 남학생여학생 모두 가정적 영역이 높았고 자장 낮은영역은 학년 성별에 관계없이 학교적 영역이었다.
2. 건강행위은 4학년이 6학년보다 여학생이 남학생보다 높았다.하부요인별로는 전염병예방영역이 가장 높았고, 6학년과 남녀 모두에서 사고예방영역이 가장 낮았다.
3. 자아존중감과 건강행위를 일반적특성에 따라 비교한 결과 가정형태, 경제수준, 아버지 직업, 성적, 가족과의여가시간이 현저한 차이를 보여 미치는 영향이 큼을 알수 있었다.
4. 자아존중감과 건강행위는 강한 양의 상관관계를 보였고(r=0.627 p<0.05) 자아존중감이 건강행위를 얼마나 설명할 수 있는지를 보기 위한 선형회귀분석을 한결과 자아존중감은 건강행위를 39.3% 설명할수 있었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Elementary school-age children go through an important time when they grow up physically and mentally at high speed and their self-esteem is developed. In addition, habits in association with health are formed during this time, so self-esteem becomes a variable to predict children's attitude toward health and their health behavior. Also, it can be said that the advance in self-esteem affect children's lifelong attitude toward health and increase in their health behavior.
This study was attempted to use its results as basic data in children forming positive self-esteem and advancing health behavior by recognizing the importance of self-esteem, grasping the degree of children's self-esteem and health behavior and analyzing its correlation. As the subject of this study, 332 fourth graders and sixth graders were selected from three elementary schools in Jeonju. Tests of self-esteem and health behavior based on previous studies were used and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 progrom. The results were as follows:
1. With respect to the degree of self-esteem , fourth graders(3.62) showed higher degree than sixth graders(3.39), and girl students(3.55) showed higher degree than boy students(3.45). By sub-factors, fourth graders indicated the highest point in the domain of domestic self, while sixth graders in the domain of social self. Both boy and girl students showed the highest point in the domain of domestic self. Regardless of grade and sex, the lowest-point domain was school self.
2. Regarding the degree of health behavior, the degree of fourth graders(3.34) was higher than that of sixth graders(3.25), and the degree of girl students(3.34) was higher than that of boy students(3.24). Out of sub-factors of health behavior, the domain of epidemic prevention showed the highest point, while the point of the domain of accident prevention was low generally.
3. As for self-esteem and health behavior depending on general characteristics, statistically significant difference was seen in most characteristics. Among them, self-esteem indicated significant difference in grade, type of family, economic standard, father's occupation, academic results, and leisure with family. Health behavior showed significant difference in grade, sex, type of family, economic standard, academic results, and leisure with family.
4. As the result of examining correlation between self-esteem and health behavior of the subjects, statistically significant positive correlation(r=0.627, p<0.05) was seen in all domains of self-esteem and health behavior. The result of linear regression analysis to examine how much self-esteem can explain health behavior indicated that self-esteem could explain health behavior as much as 39.3%.
5. Difference in self-esteem was indicated between children from broken family (M=78.83) and those from normal family(M=84.45) and statistically significant difference was seen in all domains of self-esteem. Regarding the degree of carrying out health behavior, children from broken family(M=81.9) showed lower points than those from normal family(M=85.9) on the whole, and statistically significant difference was seen only in domains of individual hygiene and daily habits(p<0.01).

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 영문초록
• Ⅰ. 서 론 = 1
• Ⅱ. 연구방법 = 4
• 1. 연구대상 = 4
• 2. 자료수집기간 및 수집방법 = 4
• 3. 연구도구 = 5
• 1) 자아존중감 = 5
• 2) 건강행위 = 5
• 4. 자료분석방법 = 6
• Ⅲ. 연구결과 = 7
• 1. 대상자의 일반적 특성 = 7
• 2. 대상자의 자아존중감 = 7
• 3. 대상자의 건강행위 = 8
• 4. 일반적 특성에 따른 자아존중감과 건강행위 = 8
• 5. 자아존중감과 건강행위와의 관련성 = 10
• 6. 결손가정아동과 정상가정아동 = 10
• Ⅳ. 고찰 = 27
• Ⅴ. 결론 = 31
• 참고문헌 = 33
• 부록(설문지) = 37