This study looked at the promotion obstacles and career aspiration through methodological analysis and verified the relationship. The objective of this study is to find the reason why women have lower career aspiration than men. Furthermore, based on ...
This study looked at the promotion obstacles and career aspiration through methodological analysis and verified the relationship. The objective of this study is to find the reason why women have lower career aspiration than men. Furthermore, based on this study, it was studied what kind of support should be provided for efficient utilization of women force in the organization.
The detailed study problem of this study is as follows.
First, what is the difference of promotion obstacle and career aspiration of men and women?
Second, what is the difference of promotion obstacle and career aspiration of women according to social demographical factors?
Third, what is the difference of career aspiration of women according to the factors of promotion obstacles?
Forth, what is the relationship between social demographical factors, promotion obstacles and career aspiration?
Fifth, what is the most influential factors in social demographical factors and promotion obstacles on the career aspiration of women?
The self completing questionnaire was conducted to 413 male and female workers of 25-50 working at the companies in Seoul and Metropolitan area. The data analysis was done through the statistical methods such as Cronbach's α, frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, cross analysis, ANOVA, Pearson's analysis of moment relationship and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/PC program.
The result of the study could be summarized as follows.
First, as a result of studying difference of promotion obstacle and career aspiration according to gender, there was a significant difference in structural obstacles in case of promotion obstacle. In subgroups, 'gender biased company culture', 'women as minority', 'lack of training' and 'lack of mentor' within the element of structural obstacle was significantly higher in women than men. Next, the career aspiration also was significantly lower in women.
Second, as a result of looking at the difference of obstacles and career aspiration according to social demographics such as position, education, marital status, and age other than gender, for the obstacles, According to position, there was statistically significant difference in 'preference of male leadership style' in structural obstacle and 'lack of experience, knowledge and information' in personal obstacles. According to education, there was a significant difference only in structural obstacle and in sub groups; there was difference in 'gender biased company culture', 'women as minority' and 'lack of training' in structural obstacle and 'lack of political means' in personal obstacle. According to the marital status, there was difference only in 'preference of male leadership style' in the structural obstacle. According to age, there was statistically significant difference in 'preference of male leadership style' in structural obstacle, 'lack of experience, knowledge and information' and 'lack of communication technique' in personal obstacle. Next, for the career aspiration, there was significant difference according to position.
Third, as a result of regression analysis to study what the social demographical factors are which influence the obstacles and career aspiration the most, the gender and education in structural obstacle and position and education in personal obstacles proved to be influential. On one side, for career aspiration, gender was the most influential factor.
Forth, as a results of studying difference of career aspiration according to the obstacles, there was significant difference in 'women as minority', 'exclusion of women in informal network'. 'lack of training', 'lack of mentor', 'preference of male leadership style' in structural obstacle, and 'lack of experience, knowledge and information', 'lack of political means', 'lack of communication technique' in the personal obstacle.
Fifth, as a result of conducting regression analysis to study the most influential factors on the career aspiration among the social demographic factors and obstacles, it was analyzed that the personal and structural obstacles explain 14,1% of the career aspiration and for the social demographic factors such as gender, there was no significant influence on career aspiration when the structural and personal obstacles are included on the regression formula. In case of studying women, it showed that the structural and personal obstacles explain 15.1% of the career aspiration.
As a conclusion, women in the organization were experiencing more obstacles than men and these obstacles have negative influence on career aspiration of women. That is, the reason that the career aspiration of women are lower was not because they are women but because of the discrimination existent within the organization and the obstacles that stem from it. For efficient utilization of women power, there should be effort made to eliminate these obstacles.