The purpose of this study is to identify dangerous routes which the experience of witness or victim of bullying cause bullying behavior and to clarify multi-systematic moderating variables which control the routes.
Subjects were 1,086 students of ele...
The purpose of this study is to identify dangerous routes which the experience of witness or victim of bullying cause bullying behavior and to clarify multi-systematic moderating variables which control the routes.
Subjects were 1,086 students of elementary and middle school in Seoul and Gyeonggido. Among them, 845 students who have witnessed and 555 students who have been victimized of bullying were analyzed as the main subject in the research questions.
The major findings of this study are as follows.
Firstly, the experience of witness or victim of bullying was important factor to predict bullying.
Secondly, by the result of moderating effects in relationship between the experience of witness of bullying and bullying behavior, it is certain that self esteem, internal locus of control, emotional regulation, self control, parenting behavior(supervision), parent's support, peer support, scholastic performance, teacher's support, and cohesiveness of classroom are protective factors, which lowered bullying behaviors, while aggression, parenting behavior(inconsistency, excessive intervention, abuse, neglect), parent's marital conflict, peer conformity, contact with delinquent friends, and exposure to media violence are risk factors, which rised bullying behaviors of the witnesses of bullying.
Thirdly, by the result of moderating effect in relationship between victimized experience of bullying and bullying behavior, self esteem, internal locus of control, teacher's attitude on bullying, and intimacy with neighbor acted as protective factors, which lowered bullying behaviors, while peer conformity, contact with delinquent friends, and exposure to media violence acted as dangerous factors, which rised bullying behaviors of victims.
Fourthly, the bullying behaviors of high-risk group of witnesses more hugely increased by factors such as aggression, contact with delinquent friends, and parental conflicts rather than other dangerous factors. On the one hand, the protective factors about bullying behaviors of high-risk group of witnesses had bigger parts in internal locus of control and teacher supports than other protective factors.
Lastly, the bullying behaviors of high-risk group of victims hugely increased and fostered by contact with delinquent friends. On the one hands, protective factors about bullying behaviors of high-risk group of victims more hugely acted in internal locus of control than any other protective factors.
The study's significances, based on results which mentioned above, are to identify the connection how the experience of witness and victim of bullying cause bullying behavior and to provide effective information protecting students from bullying by finding moderating variable. Secondly, the study provides more various and macro moderating access routes as moderating effects to solve bullying problems, considering personal variables as well as integrated environmental system such as families, peer groups, and schools, and local communities. Thirdly, purpose of the study is to explain reasons why some people who have same experience of witness or victim of bullying change to become bullies. In other words, this study is meaningful, because it explains reasons from the point of view of moderating effects such as risk or protective factor.