크루즈선 거주구역의 인테리어 디자인에 관한 연구 = (A) Study on the Interior Design in Accommodation Area of Cruise Ships

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to analyse the accommodations area of cruise ships and to present the characteristics of space planning, interior design & work, materials and rule & regulation of cruise ships. General arrangement drawings, deck plans, and technical data of large cruise and medium sized ones built from 1990 until 2004 are analysed to accomplish the purpose of this study.

Interior design for the superstructure of cruise ship
- Analysis of cruise ship environment and determination of optimum interior resident space.
- Data analysis of similar cruise ships and detail of interior space plan, such as size, location and distribution of cabin
- Planning of a stateroom space and determination of global dimension of cruise ship according to the mission - based design process.
- Concept design and trend of the cruise ships and suggestion of design theme and style
The details of this study are as follows;

1. The Cruise Ship Market
There has been a rapid increase in cruise ship size, but also smaller vessels have been ordered. Many ships are of 󰡒Panamax󰡓 type, which means that their dimensions are close to the limitations of the canal locks. The gross tonnage of the Panamax cruse ship is about 85,000GT. Several orders exceed 100,000 GT and cannot longer cruise through the Panama Canal. Most of the growth has been directed to the 󰡒Contemporary󰡓 and the 󰡒Premium󰡓 passenger segments. These ships follow very similar design concept, even if their operators compete with each in the same market. But also new innovative solutions have been introduced to catch the interest of the cruise passengers.

2. Cruise Ship Functions
The spaces in a cruise ship can be divided into two main categories, hotel operation related and ship operation related functions.
Hotel functions consist of passenger cabins, restaurants, lounges, bars and shops. Adequate 󰡒traffic lanes󰡓has to be provided between these spaces such as corridors, halls, stairways and lifts. Outdoor spaces, like sun decks and promenade decks must also be provided. For the service functions offices, galleys, pantries, laundries and stores are needed. Crew cabins, mess-and day rooms are also part of the hotel functions. In cruise ships the service personnel have separate corridors and stairways, because only crew members in uniform are allowed in passenger spaces.
The ship functions are related to carrying the hotel part safely from port to port. The propulsion machinery and different storage tanks are vital systems. The ship produces electricity, conditioned air, cold and hot water and has sewage treatment and waste handing for the hotel part.

3. Passenger ship space ratio & Service
The passenger capacity grows with increasing gross tonnage. Also the number of crew increases with the ship size. The area and volume of the passenger spaces are important indicators of the comfort of the ship. The number of crew influenced the service standard. The volume per passenger is an important indicator of the passenger standard of the ship. The volume of the ship can be expressed in cubic meters or gross tonnage. Ships intended for the Contemporary and Premium market segment have 100-165㎥/pax(30GT/pax) while in the Luxury segment they might be of more than 200㎥/pax(65GT/pax).

4. Cruise Ship Design Process
The most common way to describe ship design is by a spiral model, capturing the sequential and iterative nature of the process. The task structure is 󰡒design -evaluate-redesign󰡓.
The areas and volumes needed in the ship to fit all functions are calculated. This design method does not need pre-selected main dimensions, hull linesor standard layouts. Function based design is like a checklist that reminds the designer of all the factors that affect the design and record his choices. The total volume given by the function description can be translated into gross tonnage. The result is a complete description for the new ship, which can be compared with statistical data from existing designs. The space for the passenger functions is the key factor. The selection of the main dimensions defines the deck area available in the ship. The easiest way of increasing the area is to add more desks at the top of the vessel. This raises the centre of gravity and stability becomes critical. The most significant factor for the stability is the breadth of the hull.
The interior design stages
- Stage I : Pre-shipyard contract
․Programming ․planning ․Concept design
․Scheme design ․General specification
- Stage ll : Post-shipyard contract
․Detail design ․Detail specification and schedules
- Stage lll : Construction
․Yard liaison ․Sub-contractors support services
․Material and finishes approvals ․Construction supervision
․Defects and quality control reporting

5. The Panamax Cruise Ship
Limitations to the main dimensions must be observed in the design process, like the maximum draught allowed in ports or the free height of a bridge on the route. Many cruise ship operators want a ship that can sail through the Panama Canal, where the maximum draught 12.65m. It can be seen in figure 7 panamax cruise ship is below 90,000GT and the passenger capacity less than 2500 lower beds. At that size both the length and breadth are close to the lock limits.

6. The Passenger Cabin
The cabin type and size determine the cruise category and ticket price. Passengers are willing to pay higher rates for an outside cabin with windows or balcony, than for a dark, inside cabin. The size of a standard cabin is 10-15㎡ in the budget category, 15-20㎡ in the contemporary and premium category and 20-35㎡ in the luxury segment. The trend today is to provide cabins big enough to fit a double bed. This demands an area of more than 15㎡and a width of at least 2,600㎜.
Passenger and crew cabins should be suitable for serial production in specialized work-shops. The finished cabin unit, complete with all furniture can be lifted into the ship already during the section-outfitting phase. The cabin dimensions are carefully modularized to fit into to hull steel structure.

7. Outside / Inside Cabin Ratio
When the ship grows in size, the breadth of the hull increases and more cabins have to be locate on the dark, inside part of decks. In small yachts 100% of the passenger cabins can have windows, but in large wide body ships maybe only 60%. New solutions must be used to get more outside cabins, preferably .with most of the cabins in a narrow deckhouse.

8. Cruise ship construction / Material / Regulation
By special peculiarity of construction materials, materials and products applied for the cruise should meet the regulation of SOLAS and IMO. That are installed on board passenger ships must be provided with a type test certificate form recognized national approval authority.
The hull, superstructure, and deckhouses in Cruise ship in way of accommodation and service space shall be subdivided into main vertical zones by "A" class divisions. Bulkheads which are not required to be "A" class divisions shall be at least "B" class or "C" class divisions. "B" class divisions are those divisions formed by bulkhead, decks, ceiling or linings. They are constructed of approved non-combustible materials and all materials used in the construction and erection "B" class division are non-combustible.
Non-combustible material is a material which neither burns nor gives off flammable vapours in sufficient quantity for self-ignition when heated to approximately 750, this being determined in accordance with the fire test procedures code.

9. Design styling / Trade mark / Hall mark
Shipboard architecture and design has now become a specialty in its own right. As rationalized as the process of ship′design and built is, it continues to produce some remarkable fleet image. Cruise line has created a number of the hall mark, identities and the interior design features of its own. It is to develop a design theme for a reference ship which sets a particular image for later new buildings to follow in same class. When a new class is created later, key design element will be retained, with some items being changed and new ideas introduced. Thus the approach has the flexibility to grow and change as the industry itself evolves and diversifies. There are a number of notable examples which illustrate how different line are thus able to create and maintain unique product hallmarks and identities through the interior design of their fleets.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서 론 1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 1
• 1.2 연구의 목적과 내용 3
• 1.2.1 연구 목적 3
• 1.2.2 연구 내용 4
• 1.3 연구의 범위와 방법 6
• 2. 크루즈 선박의 이론적 고찰 8
• 2.1 선박의 일반적 이론 8
• 2.2 여객선(Passenger ship) 분류와 특징 9
• 2.3 선박 설계의 특수성 11
• 2.3.1 진동 및 소음에 대한 고려 11
• 2.3.2 파도로 인한 동요의 고려 12
• 2.3.3 기상 조건과 해수에 대한 고려 13
• 2.3.4 선박 구조에 대한 고려 13
• 2.3.5 안전성에 대한 고려 14
• 2.4 크루즈 선박의 개념과 구성 15
• 3. 크루즈선의 인테리어 계획 및 디자인 19
• 3.1 크루즈 선박 규모 19
• 3.2 크루즈 선박 공간계획 25
• 3.2.1 승객 수용능력과 승객공간비 25
• 3.2.2 공간계획의 기본요소 27
• 3.2.3 구역 분류 29
• 3.2.4 동선 계획 29
• 3.2.5 공간구성 패턴 34
• 3.2.6 거주구역 공간구성 요소와 배치 36
• 3.3 공용공간 계획 41
• 3.3.1 공간 부분별 계획 41
• 3.3.2 공용구역 공간계획 경향 49
• 3.4 객실 공간 계획 51
• 3.4.1 객실 분류 51
• 3.4.2 객실 배치 계획 53
• 3.4.3 객실 평면과 크기 59
• 3.5 크루즈 선박 적용 법규 및 규칙 63
• 3.5.1 국제 해상 법규 및 규칙에 의한 검사 이행 63
• 3.5.2 거주구역 방화구조의 국제규칙 66
• 3.6 크루즈선 인테리어 디자인 과정 69
• 3.6.1 컨셉 단계 69
• 3.6.2 컬러 보드 70
• 3.6.3 도면 작성 72
• 3.6.4 Q.C(Quality Control)와 마무리 조정단계 73
• 3.7 크루즈 선사 디자인 스타일 74
• 3.7.1 크루즈 선사 및 선박 현황 74
• 3.7.2 크루즈 선사의 디자인 경향과 특징 75
• 3.7.3 크루즈 선박 외관 스타일 88
• 4. 크루즈선 거주구역의 시공과 재료 92
• 4.1 크루즈 선박 건조과정과 시스템 프로세스 92
• 4.2 크루즈 선박 거주구역 시공 98
• 4.3 거주구역의 재료 103
• 4.3.1 벽체 103
• 4.3.2 바닥 109
• 4.3.3 천장 112
• 4.3.4 방열재 115
• 4.3.5 문과 창 117
• 4.3.6 가구 120
• 4.3.7 조명 122
• 4.3.8 장식적 요소 125
• 5. 크루즈 선박의 G.A 디자인 128
• 5.1 국내 항로용 크루즈 선박 디자인 128
• 5.1.1 디자인 목적 및 연구 내용 128
• 5.1.2 크루즈 여행객 설문조사 128
• 5.1.3 국내 항로용 크루즈 선박의 조건설정 132
• 5.1.4 선박의 실내공간 분석 133
• 5.1.5 국내 항로용 크루즈 선박 계획 및 디자인 방향 141
• 5.1.6 크루즈 선박개요 및 G.A 디자인 143
• 5.2 동남아 항로용 크루즈 선박 G.A 디자인 146
• 5.2.1 디자인 목적과 연구 내용 146
• 5.2.2 동남아 항로용 크루즈 선박의 조건 설정 146
• 5.2.3 객실공간과 주요 구조부 치수계획 150
• 5.2.4 동남아 크루즈 선박의 공간 구성요소와 특징 153
• 5.2.5 동남아 크루즈 선박의 실내디자인 특징 156
• 5.2.6 동남아 항로용 크루즈 선박 계획 및 디자인 방향 158
• 5.2.7 크루즈 선박개요 및 G.A 디자인 159
• 5.3 주거용 크루즈 선박 G.A 디자인 163
• 5.3.1 디자인 목적과 연구 내용 163
• 5.3.2 주거용 크루즈 선박 사례조사 164
• 5.3.3 주거용 크루즈 선박의 계획 및 디자인 방향 169
• 5.3.4 주거공간 유형과 배치 173
• 5.3.5 주거용 크루즈 선박 G.A 디자인 177
• 5.3.6 주거용 크루즈 선박의 디자인 스타일 180
• 6. 결 론 182
• 참고 문헌 190
• 부 록 193
• 크루즈 여행에 관한 설문 193