Nowadays, businesses are asked to be changed to survive and enjoy sustainable growth. The width and depth of change will range from new structure, strategies, system and business culture to the creation of innovative management and flexibility. These ...
Nowadays, businesses are asked to be changed to survive and enjoy sustainable growth. The width and depth of change will range from new structure, strategies, system and business culture to the creation of innovative management and flexibility. These changes of business sectors lead to reorganization and downsizing that lead to changes in the labor market and it is hard to guarantee the life long job. This means that employment cycle of people is getting shorter just like the life cycle of the product does. In line with this phenomena, the employees, commitment to the organization is likely to fall while the commitment to their own goals or occupation is rising.
However, it could be more optimal choice for employees to strengthen their commitment and loyalty to the organization they work for now rather than to try to be evaluated at the outside labor market especially in the business context of Korea where the nature of employment relations is not defined clearly and sufficiently enough. In this study, we examine the relationship between employees, organizational commitment and occupational commitment and what kinds of variables are involved affecting these two commitments. On top of this, we employed the concept of dual commitments and classified the types of those two variables by group to investigate what differences these variables made to the result variables. The subject of this empirical study was the employees of a hotel industry.
To this end, we drew the hypothesis from the literature concerned and the subject of this study was the employees working in the five-star hotels in Seoul. 400 questionnaire sheets were distributed and 336 sheets of them were returned to be analyzed. On the basis of returned sheets the reliability and validity of the measuring tool were examined. Factor analysis, frequency analysis and interrelationships analysis were also employed for this study.
The results of this empirical investigation are as follows; First, commitment to the occupation and the organization was shown to be independent but complementary in their relations. This proved the independency between two concepts and the existence of positive relations between them. This study also showed that both commitments can be rise or fall at the same time unlike the most previous studies' predictions that as the organizational commitments are rising, the career commitments are falling like a zero-sum game. This reflects that the subjects of this study have a strong characteristics of professionals.
Second, of the characters of the individuals, only desire for the achievement showed a significant influence on the dual commitments to the organization and the career. Subcategories of work characteristics such as challenge, autonomy, and importance of work were also shown to affect the dual commitments to the organization and the occupation.
Third, among the characteristics of the organization, support from the boss, colleagues, and organization were shown to affect the dual commitments. This is because social supporting system itself can be a critical variable to measure up the characteristics of a particular organization.
Forth, the increase of irregular workforce influenced on the dual commitments and statistics proved that increasing irregular workforce leads to decrease the commitment to the occupation and the organization. There showed a difference in the intention of finding another job in accordance with the typology between organizational commitment and career commitment. Of several possible cases, when both organizational and career commitment were low, the intention to shift to another job was high.
Results of this study reveals that the higher the career commitment is to improve one's ability in workplace, the higher the employees' commitment to the organization rises. Accordingly, since the dual commitments plays a pivotal role in enhancing the employees' ability in work situations, developing and improving the employment environment is highly required in the light of reinforcing the competitiveness of the organization and improving the employees' abilities in the organizations.