This article attempts to review theoretic principles on the public governance as the institutional condition of public broadcasting and to discuss the regulation mechanism for the realization of the public governance in convergence time. The convergen...
This article attempts to review theoretic principles on the public governance as the institutional condition of public broadcasting and to discuss the regulation mechanism for the realization of the public governance in convergence time. The convergence makes the public service model weak and the public broadcasting faced with the crisis of identity.
Also, I seek after a solution to why the public broadcasting in Korea is criticized by the audience although it made a tremendous profit. The public broadcasting in Korea doesn't give striking distinctiveness with regard to public obligation against the private and commercial broadcasting in service. In addition, it hardly takes the social responsibility proportionate to its privilege despite the fact that the independence and autonomy has been expanding after the democratization. This problem is caused by the limitation that the accountability concept as a public governance hasn't been established and the performance evaluation system has not been appropriately operated in the korean broadcasting structure.
Therefore this study aims to reveal institutional requirements and the function of performance evaluation system as the accountability delivering system for public broadcasting, which will take the social responsibility and meet its public obligations. For this purpose, I present some research questions raised as follows
Research Q 1. What is the characteristic of 'law-regulation frame' in the accountability of public broadcasting?
Research Q 2. What is the characteristic of 'public frame' and 'performance evaluation system' in the accountability of public broadcasting?
Research Q 3. What is the implication of 'accountability delivering system' in condition to realize public governance?
This study has drawn the conclusions shown in the summary below:
⑴ The accountability of public broadcasting can serve as a institutional procedure to realize the public governance that the independence and autonomy of public broadcasting is in harmony with the public responsibility. Besides, the performance evaluation system as a accountability system can assure the legitimacy and transparence in regulation and make the public broadcasting take the public responsibility without violating the independence and autonomy.
⑵ In the performance evaluation system, the framework and procedure of assessment can vary in accordance with whether it gives more emphasis on 'structural framework' or 'command framework' in the regulation of public broadcasting. The performance evaluation system in structural framework is operated according to the public frame(the proclamation on self-obligation, the self-assessment, the publishing annual report and account, etc.). On the contrary, The performance evaluation system in command framework is operated according to the law-regulation frame(the administrative investigation, the contract with government, the convention, etc.). But in spite of the structural framework, it is necessary to introduce a law-regulation frame for strengthening accountability system and transparence in regulation. Because it hardly has the legitimacy as a public regulation without the specific obligations and the framework of evaluation in law.
⑶ As a consequence, the performance evaluation system gives the public broadcasting the independence and autonomy through the internal supervision body in structural framework. This supervision body can play a important role as a buffer that protects the public broadcasting out of the pressure and intervention outside. The performance evaluation system as a public frame takes the public responsibility in response to the audience sovereignty. Then, the command framework gives the object-specific obligations of public broadcasting, the procedure, the method and the feedback mechanism for the performance evaluation system. That is, the performance evaluation system is in the core of the accountability delivering system for public broadcasting by being applied to the 'regulated self-regulation'.