유아의 어린이집 적응에 대한 생태학적 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigates the ecological factors on children's
adjustment to preschools. This will provide fundamental data on
clarifying the troubles of children who are not in adjustment and
helping to overcome the obstacles. This study was established in
ecological perspective for the inclusive inquiry of the factors
affecting on children's adjustment to preschools.
In the first step, the variables which are expected to affect
children's adjustment to preschools were selected. They are
demographic variables (genders, ages, temperament, and the age
of first enterance to the preschool), microsystem domestic
variables (number of children, monthly income, mothers'
employment and their attitude of bringing up children),
microsystem preschool variables (number of children in a class,
facilities, distance from the house), mesosystem variables
(mothers' satisfaction with the preschools), macrosystem
variables (enthusiasm for the education).
For this study, 206 children of 13 preschools located in Seoul
and Gyounggi-do were investigated.
Three separate questionnaires were used: one is for mothers,
another for teachers, the last for the head of the preschool. The
instruments used for this study were children's temperament
scale, attitude of bringing up scale, satisfaction with the
preschool scale, interest on education scale, facilities of the
preschool scale, children's adjustment scale, and background
variable.
The data were analyzed by frequency, percentile, mean,
standard deviation, Cronbach α, correlation, hierarchical
regression and multiple regression, using SAS program package.

The major-findings of this study were summarized as follows:
First, analyzing the effects of the demographic, microsystem,
mesosystem, and macrosystem variables with the ecological
access results that more female children (than male) and children
who have more soothable temperament, more brothers and
sisters, and mothers with limit setting attitude in bringing up
them showed better adjustment to preschools. Among these, the
most explanatory variable was limit setting in bringing up
children variable.
Second, sub-categorical studies on children's adjustment to
preschools are as follows. More female children (than male) and
children who have strongly soothable and attention spanning
temperament showed higher sociability. Children who have
soothable temperament, more brothers and sisters, and mothers
with limit setting attitude in bringing up them showed higher
positive emotion. And positive emotion were affected by facilities
variables. This result can be explained that the preschools with
better facilities are mostly large ones and therefore children come
to have relatively less opportunities of friendship and close
relationship with others. More female children (than male) and
children who have soothable temperament, more brothers and
sisters, and mothers with limit setting attitude in bringing up
them showed better adjustment to the peer groups. Children who
have strongly sociable temperature and attend to the preschools
with better facilities showed better self control. Self control
featured being largely influenced by ecological system compared
with other sub-factors, especially it was affected by the facilities
variable. More female children (than male) and the children who
have strongly soothable temperature and mothers with limit
setting attitude in bringing up them showed better adjustment to
daily task.