비혼모와 비혼모정책에 관한 여성주의적 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In Korea, because unmarried mothers have been considered as deviants, they have been often regarded as target of extermination. But the negative generally accepted idea has stemmed from patriarchism. So the purposes of
this study are these; as investigating the negative idea surrounding unmarried mothers and showing its echanism, to offer new feminist recognition form; and as investigating Korean unmarried mothers policies and their gender blind
characters, to propose gender perspective policies of unmarried mothers.
For these aims, I investigated literature and interviewed with 7 women working at unmarried mothers facilities and sexuality facilities and 4 unmarried mothers in depth. The results of a study are as follows.
First, unmarried mothers are considered as deviants. To be pregnant before marriage is a burden of sexual deviants to unmarried mothers. And prejudice that failure of abortion makes unmarried mothers is a burden of moral deviants
to them. This prejudice makes support for them groundless. But a reason which people consider unmarried mothers as sexual deviants is to apply a different sexual criterion to men and women. That is sex act before marriage is loss of virginal purity to women and process for being an adult to men.
Second, Korean unmarried mothers policies have several characters. There isnt a single law for unmarried mothers in Korea. It makes unmarried mothers law application difficult. Also unmarried mothers policy has been put in effect five business ways - prevention business, counsel business, facilities protection business, adoption business and caring business. Unmarried mothers have increased in number, have got younger and have got more highly educated.
Third, for designing new unmarried mothers policy, I investigate foreign nations; US, U.K., Sweden. As seeing these nations policies, Korea unmarried mothers policies need affirmative recognition of unmarried mothers, guarantee of their work right, finances support for them and strengthening unmarried fathers duty.
Finally, Korean unmarried mothers policies have designed in gender blind perspective. Korean basic policy direction is prevention business. It means that unmarried mothers are considered an object of extermination. It is due to patriarchy idea an unmarried mother family isnt a normal family. However, caring business which has been enforced from 2003 is excellent Korea unmarried mothers policy.
As result of a study, an unmarried mother isnt a sexual deviant nor a moral deviant, rather than abator of patriarchy social structure. And the policies are gender blind polices made in patriarchy social structure. Therefore the proposals for gender perspective policies are as follows.
First, unmarried fathers duty are made a law. In Korea, unmarried mothers bear all the responsibility without unmarried fathers, so they are in trouble, and absence of unmarried fathers duty make more involuntary unmarried
mothers. So a nation, an unmarried mother and an unmarried father make an effort for solving the problem.
Second, a family register law must be repealed. Because it provides that a family founded on heterosexual love is normal family, an unmarried mother family, a family without man, is an abnormal family.
Third, a single law and a complete department for unmarried mothers must be make up.
Forth, gender perspective policy has to be design and to be enforce. A welfare budget for unmarried mothers must be increased and facilities for them have to be establish more. And the government must give caring unmarried mothers caring service.
Finally, policy must reflect the reality. Far away from formal sexual education, substantial and effective sexual education has to be come into operation and far away from ineffective vocational education, effective vocational training has to be operated in a quadripartite co-operation- an
unmarried mother, industrial organization, government and civil commission. For unmarried mothers who got only halfway through middle school or high school can graduate from school, alternative schools and the Ministry of Education must help them. And these all policies have to be applied pertinently to each unmarried mother- adoption unmarried mothers and caring unmarried mothers.