OECD 24개국들의 생산성 변화 및 요인 분석(Malmquist생산성지수를 이용하여) = Productivity Growth, Technical Progress, and Efficiency Change in 24 OECD Countries

국문 초록 (Abstract)

영문초록:Using the Malmquist productivity index, this paper compares the productivity of 24 OECD countries from 1981 to 2000. The malmquist productivity index has more advantages than previous methods such as solow model, endogenous growth theory. First, because the Malmquist productivity index composing of four distance functions, is calculated using non-parametic data envelopment analysis, a specific or clear function need not definded and raw data directly uses. Second, previous methods assume that all countries efficiently produce their outputs under perfect competition. However, the malmquist productivity index calculated data envelopment analysis does not assumes perfect market and all countries produce efficiently. Namely, the Malmquist productivity index assumes that all countries not always produce efficiently (a country may produce inefficiently) and all market circumstance is not always perfect competition. Third, the malmquist productivity index can be decomposed productivity into two parts. The first part is an index of the rative efficiency change. This index has high value when the elements of production is used more efficiently. The second part is an index of technical change. This index has high value if the advent of new technology and process innovation occur. Due to the merits of the Malmquist productivity index stated above this paper, this paper uses the Malmquist productivity index to estimate the productivity of 24 OECD countries. The regression results show that the productivity of 24 OECD countries increases about 0.7% due to technical change not efficiency change. Namely productivity progress result in technical change. In case of Korea, GDP growth ,6.8%, has the largest value in 24 OECD counties, Net capital stcok growth ,10.3%, employment growth,2.5%, have the largest value in 24 OECD counties too. However, producvity growth has low value in 24 OECD counties over the period 1981-2000. Therefore Korea's GDP growth result in the input of the elements of production not technical change or efficiency change. To increase Korea's productivity, Korea government makes an effort to improve efficiency of the element of production and develop new technology