노인의 스트레스와 대처방법

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is, through the understanding of the types and extent of stress of the elderly and of how they cope with stress, to offer basic data for an intervention program which relieves stress of the elderly and enables them to successfully cope with various changes related to normal aging process.
Study data were collected from a survey carried out for about 2 months from July 23 to September 25, 2004. A total of 312 people aged 65 years old and over dwelling in Seoul were interviewed individually.
For the measurement of stress, a tool which was developed by Gang In (1990) and was corrected and supplemented by Lee Yeong-ja (1999), based on FILE (Family Inventor of Life and Changes), was used. It was the Likert-styled scale with 5 marks, consisting of 22 items. Its reliability was shown to be Cronbach's α=.87. For the measurement of coping methods, the Likert-styled scale with 5 marks for 22 items was used which Yun Hyeon-hi (1994) corrected and supplemented the 20-item scale of Individual Coping Style that was produced by Stewar and Kenneth Lyle (1988), based on the studies of Pearlin & Schooler (1978) and Lazarus & Folkman(1984). Its reliability was shown to be Cronbach's α= .78.
For the statistical purposes, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and Multiple regression analysis were carried out using SPSS WIN 11.0.
The results of this study are as follows.
1. The mean stress level of the elderly people was 1.98±0.55. Looking into the stress type, the stress level related to health matter (2.88±0.92) was the highest, followed by economic matter (2.31±1.11), family matter (1.90±0.67), housing matter (1.42±0.74), and the loss matter (1.40±0.76).
2. The mean level of coping methods of the elderly people was 2.39±0.50.
Looking into the type of coping methods, passive avoidance (2.75±0.72) came first, followed by re-establishment of a problem (2.61±0.70), dependence on faith (2.23±1.17), and expression of emotion (1.96±0.79).
3. Statistically significant differences in the stress level of the elderly were shown in medical security, academic career, monthly living expenses, and the perceived health state.
4. Statistically significant differences in the level of coping methods of the elderly people were shown in age, academic career, living-expense burden, the monthly living expenses, and the perceived health state.
5. The extent of correlation between stress and coping methods of the elderly was r=.126(p<.05).

In addition to consciously and positively endeavoring to seek for causes leading to stress, a method of utilizing the new technique or knowledge that can help to overcome the stress can be said to be the most reasonable approach to coping with the stress.
Developing and carrying out a training program of coping with the stress for elderly people will help them maintain healthy conditions and live satisfactory lives.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ.서론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 3
• 3. 용어의 정의 3
• Ⅱ. 문헌고찰 4
• 1. 노인의 스트레스 4
• 2. 노인의 스트레스 대처방법 13
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 15
• 1. 연구 설계 15
• 2. 연구 대상 15
• 3. 자료 수집 15
• 4. 연구 도구 16
• 5. 자료 처리 및 분석방법 17
• 6. 연구의 제한점 18
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 19
• 1. 노인의 일반적 특성 19
• 2. 노인의 스트레스 정도 21
• 3. 노인의 대처방법 정도 24
• 4. 노인의 일반적 특성에 따른 스트레스와 대처방법 26
• 5. 노인의 스트레스와 대처방법과의 상관관계 37
• 6. 노인의 스트레스와 대처방법에 대한 영향요인 38
• Ⅴ. 고찰 40
• Ⅵ. 결론 49
• 참고문헌 52
• ABSTRACT 61
• 부록 63