Today, numerous occupations have being made or disappeared according to the advancement of technology and industry, and the needs of man and society. To meet the comtemporary needs, the schools and teachers must provide academical and career education...
Today, numerous occupations have being made or disappeared according to the advancement of technology and industry, and the needs of man and society. To meet the comtemporary needs, the schools and teachers must provide academical and career educational program for students to be able to enjoy their happy life. For the qualitative improvement and proper career understanding and development, they need to provide contents to study about a realistic and specific occupation and a standard of choice based on self-understanding. The purpose of this study is to test the effect of career guidance program using vocational cards(Jo yu-mee, 2002) on career maturity and career self-efficacy of elementary school student.
In advance of executing this program, pretest has been done to examine the degree of difficulty of career maturity and career self-efficacy questionnaires. The amended questionnaires which few items were revised have been executed to the 4 classes in 5th grade and 4 classes in 6th grade of C county-based M elementary school. 30 students of 6th grade who need career education more than any other grade were sampled and randomly assigned to program exercises' group and an inactive controlled group. An average and a standard deviation of career attitude, career ability, and self-efficacy scores were 15.07(2.75), 21.99(7.30), 36.95(14.59), respectively. As the purpose of this study was to increase the career maturity and career self-efficacy, 30 students in 6th grade whose score of career maturity and career self-efficacy were below average were sampled. 1 long absentee and 3 insincere respondents were excluded from the sample and the gender rate of each group was the same. After the program, post test was done to confirm the lasting effect of the program and the questionnaires were done again 4 weeks later. SPSS program and Kwakstat (Kwak ho-whan, 1993) were used to confirmed the effect of career guidance program using vocational cards on career attitude, career maturity, and career self-efficacy of elementary school students.
Through this process, the result is as follows:
First, it's hard to conclude categorically the effect of career guidance program using vocational cards on career attitude. Because the main effect of group was meaningful statistically but the interaction effect was not meaningful. Second, career advice program using vocational cards was effective to improve career ability and this effect lasted for 4 weeks after the program. Third, the effect of career guidance program using vocational cards on career self-efficacy was not significant. Internal consistency of career self-efficacy questionnaire developed by Nam mi-sook (1998) was .91 in 1-4 group occupation and .93 in 5-8 group occupation and the test-retest reliability was .89. This questionnaire may be useful to measure general career but not for self-efficacy.
This study is worthwhile for finding out the effectiveness of career guidance program using vocational cards on improving career ability. Also, this study is significant to the point that it tested activity-centered career guidance program for elementary school student (Jo yu-mee, 2002) to offer a data of career guidance program needed for elementary school students. Moreover, this study not only helped improving career attitude and career ability of 6th grade students but also made them know their favorite occupation type and increased confidence that they can also do something themselves.
But this study has limitations as follows: First, students did not peruse each items in the program and questionnaires, career guidance program using vocational cards, career attitude, career ability, and career self-efficacy. This may caused the career self-efficacy to be meaningful only during the period of test. It may be resulted from lacking of organic connection between contents of item and program. Therefore, future study must pay more attention to the organic connection between career self-efficacy tests and career guidance program using vocational cards to test the more effective result. Second, program proficiency of researcher and related factors may affected the program. Third, considering the ability of understanding and necessity of career advice, this study was carried out to 6th grade student. Nevertheless, comparing the effect of the program of 6th grade with 5th grade could provide other meanings.