The aim of this study is to explore the possibility and necessity of a comprehensive approach of Justice ethics and Care ethics by reviewing the debate on the comprehensiveness of these two ethics as well as their development. I also tried to point ou...
The aim of this study is to explore the possibility and necessity of a comprehensive approach of Justice ethics and Care ethics by reviewing the debate on the comprehensiveness of these two ethics as well as their development. I also tried to point out how the narrative approach can contribute to the practical application of Care ethics in classroom.
Since the late 1950s when L. Kohlberg proposed Justice ethics as a cognitive moral education theory for the first time, Justice ethics has been at the position of a mainstream theory in moral education.
Kohlbergian cognitive moral development theory assumes autonomous moral subject who can develop the morality accordant with his or her congnitive reasoning ablility invariant development sequence.
Feminists such as C. Gilligan, N. Noddings opposed to ethics of justice in the early 1980s. C. Gilligan proposed Care ethics, which was approaching morality based on emotion, as a moral education theory supplementary to Justice ethics by pointing out the problem and limit of Justice ethics.
According to C. Gilligan, morality has two meanings, which are two types of dilemmas - justice that reflects characteristics and experiences of man and care that reflects those of woman.
N. Noddings articulates the ethics of care by integrating C. Gilligan's theory that justified Moral Judgement method based on care with ethics and moral education.
N. Noddings proposed concrete educational methods that are composed of dialogue, modeling, practice and confirmation to apply Care ethics.
Moral education is a systematic process aimed at developing morality.
Mature moral judgment and behaviors take ''just care'' or ''justice of care'' that integrates care and justice. In moral education, cognition and emotion should be organically connected and should be turned into moral behaviors.
Ethicists of care make much of the need that narrative style should be complementarily utilized along with propositional style. The narrative approach as a method of moral education has originated from new insights to the meaning a narrative has in human life and moral experience.
Human beings are animals that tell stories, and human life and behaviors can be understood only through stories. Likewise, in the moral experience that involves selection of moral values and moral judgment, one''s stories from recollection can only initiate true understanding.
It is because there are aspects of morality such as cognition, justice and behaviors in the stories related to moral experience.
Narrative approach to moral education has three major theoretical background as follows; dialogical self, narrative thinking, relational moral orientation which is discovered by C. Gilligan's study.
The basic principles of narrative approach to moral education have three elements; the differences of moral orientation, the importance of language and culture, hermeneutics which is used to interpret moral experience.
The most fundamental teaching methods of narrative approach to moral education is story-telling.
When students are encouraged to tell their moral stories in moral education, they can have opportunities to form and develop their own moral authority as authors of their own stories.
Narrative approach to moral education requires the aim, contents and teaching methods of Korean moral education to be expended to have students reflect real life moral experiences.
The narrative approach to moral development has significance in moral education as a way to equip students with responsibility and authority.