都市公園의 利用後 評價 : 서울시 월드컵 하늘공원을 중심으로 = (The) Post-Occupancy Evaluation of the Urban Park : With a Special Reference to the Sky Park in the World-Cup Park Complex, Seoul

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 개장한 월드컵공원의 하늘 공원은 매립 부지를 도시공원으로 이용한 첫 번째 사례로서 매립지의 환경개선뿐만 아니라 녹지면적의 증대, 지역경제의 활성화 등의 이점과 에너지 재활용 및 절감의 효과를 가져왔다. 또한 경제·사회·정치적 추세, 과거 및 미래를 고려한 역사적 변화가 바탕이 되어 지속적인 개선과 조치가 필요하다. 그 중에서도 이용자의 행태에 적합한 공간구성이 이루어졌는지를 알아보는 것이 매우 중요하다 할 수 있다. 이것은 시공 이후 계획 및 설계에 대한 평가를 함으로써 설계의도가 그대로 반영되고 있는지를 알아보는 것으로 설계된 환경과 그 이용자들 간의 관계를 알 수 있다.
이러한 관계를 효과적으로 파악하기 위하여 본 연구는 이용 후 평가 기법을 이용하여 난지도가 공원화 되고 나서 이용자가 느끼는 만족도 요인과 환경의 적합성을 분석하여 기존환경의 개선 및 새로운 환경의 설계에 필요한 자료를 제시하고 파악하여 인공으로 형성된 환경을 이용하는 이용자의 이용행태 분석을 알아보는 것이 본 연구의 목적이며 하늘공원의 바람직한 발전방향을 제시하고, 나아가 유사 계획 설계의 기초 자료 및 지침으로 활용할 수 있도록 하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Post-occupancy evaluation can be a research on the relationship between the environment design and its users by investigating if an intention of the design is reflected directly through evaluation of the design or its plan post-construction, finding out if a suitable space is achieved according to the users' preferences and the evaluation is intended to be used as a basic datum for other similar projects in the future based on the result of the evaluation.
The following steps were taken to apply post-occupancy evaluation to the Sky Park in the World Cup Park located in Seoul.
. Review on the Domestic and international examination of records and a theoretical research related with post-occupancy evaluation.
. Analysis of suitability regarding the users' form which accords with a designer's primary intention.
. Evaluation of the users' form which takes physical environment considering the Sky Park's uniqueness into account.
. Analysis of the design through investigating factors of the designing decision, the design's theoretical background, the present condition of the physical environment of a constructed design.
. Analysis of the mutual relationship between the intention of the design and its users' form through the analysis of its form.
. Synthesis of the result of analysis and presentation of the Sky Park's use, the degree of satisfaction and its improvement.
The result presented through above steps was as follows.
First, the users displayed positive reaction about the spectacle on the whole. With regard to spectacles, a visual satisfaction regarding the spectacular facilities' position as well as the mutual relationship was comparatively high so that it can be analysed that the desire in understanding the site space increases as the physical elements of the spectacle's physical composition was systematized.
Second, programs that were being carried out in the Sky Park nowadays were not in the level of normal and regular programs closely related with the lives of citizens but were more likely in the level of on-time programs. It was difficult for users to take a suitable action. Due to the park's overuse, deterioration of the park got worse and worse. By guiding conservation rules, the effect of humans on the park can be minimized. It is thus necessary to develop new programs which can provide realization ability, appreciation ability, comprehension ability and a joyful experience.
Third, a trash corrosion in the park which resulted in the difference with normal grounds and an insufficient height leads to soil pollution, damp, soil temperature upswing, dry damage, ground subsidence, contaminated leakage damage and air pollution damage. Those will eventually become negative factors. Also, thumb print appears in tree growth due to bisection of trees and scarcity of water in soil. This will cause hindrance of transfer of raw materials in plantation trees. As a result, it is necessary to focus on the park's vegetation administration system since the park's spectacular preferences and the users' preferences change.
Fourth, it is concluded that arranging facilities in an order in each space is important for using the park's facilities in a right way because people show dissatisfaction regarding the arrangement of the facilities. It is advisable to arrange the facilities in an objective sense, satisfy the desire by majority of users, have a cordial attitude as an individual user in using small facilities in order to activate the use of facilities.
Fifth, although the intention of the planner was strongly enforced into the park, the addition of extra facilities results due to the increase of the region. The future Sky Park will eventually become a social space without hierarchy and regional difference filled with trees providing diverse events and views.
In conclusion, the study ultimately was to reduce mistakes in environmental planning like the mistakes caused in making the World Cup Park, make citizens to participate in the planning process. Other means of this study are rectifying defectives and improving those on the basis of the evaluation datum of the users' satisfaction, use and maintenance. On the basis of the result of this post-occupancy evaluation, the research will be used as a basic data for other similar projects in the future and will contribute to narrow the difference between the planners and the users.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 표목차 = ⅰ
• 그림목차 = ⅱ
• ABSTRACT = ⅲ
• 초록
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• Ⅱ. 연구사 = 3
• Ⅲ. 연구 범위 및 방법 = 14
• Ⅳ. 이용후 평가의 이론적 고찰 = 16
• 1. 이용후 평가의 개념과 의의 = 16
• 2. 이용후 평가의 방법 = 19
• 3. 이용후 평가의 유형 = 23
• 4. 이용후 평가의 분석 기법 = 24
• Ⅴ. 결과 및 고찰 = 26
• 1. 대상지 선정배경 및 현황 = 26
• 2. 하늘 공원의 설계 개념 분석 = 38
• 3. 하늘 공원 이용후 평가분석 = 48
• Ⅵ. 결론 = 64
• 인용문헌 = 67
• 부록 = ⅰ
• 1. 설문지 = ⅰ
• 2. 하늘공원 식물 출현현황 = ⅳ
• 3. 하늘공원 야생조류 출현현황 = ⅷ
• 4. 하늘공원 양서ㆍ파충류 출현현황 = ⅸ