중년기 여성의 자아분화와 우울간의 관계 연구 = (A) study on the relationship between self-differentiation and depress on middle aged women

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study focuses on identifying the relationship between the depression and self-differentiation of middle-aged women (the abbreviation of which is s.d.m.w.) and determining the effect of self-differentiation on middle-aged women to verify whether self-differentiation can be applied to middle-aged women and their families in a useful manner, as a means of providing basic data that allow middle aged women and their families to live better lives.
The following research issues involving the relationship between the depression and self-differentiation of middle aged women were set to evaluate the purpose of this study:
1. What difference does the s.d.m.w. level show according to socio-demographic variables?
2. Among self-differentiation sub-items, what has the greatest effect on s.d.m.w.?
3. What difference does the depression of middle-aged women show according to socio-demographic variables?
4. Which item shows the closest relationship with the depression of middle-aged women?
5. What kind of relationship exists between the self-differentiation and depression of middle-aged women?
6. How much influential is self-differentiation in middle-aged women relative to depression?
311 respondents were middle-aged married women between the ages of 40 to 60 years who live in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do area. Self-differentiation Scale (Chon Chun-ae, 1994) and BDI(Beck Depression Inventory) were used as a measure of depression.
Data analysis was performed using tool reliability analysis frequency analysis focused on identifying general characteristics of respondents ANOVA analysis cross analysis focused on determining the difference between groups correlation analysis focused on identifying the relationship between self-differentiation and depression and regression analysis featuring an in-depth examination of results.
The result of this study can be summarized as follows :
1. Middle-aged women showed slightly-higher than average self-differentiation levels. In terms of socio-demographic variables, those who believe in religions showed higher self-differentiation levels for example, they showed significant difference(p<.01) according to the absence/presence of a religion or according to the difference in religion.
2. Sub-items that have the greatest effect on self-differentiation were observed in the order of emotional alienation, intra-psychic differentiation, and inter-personal differentiation.
3. Overall, middle-aged women surveyed showed lower levels of depression, averaged 11.27. There was a significant difference (p<.01) in terms of socio-demographic variables, such as age, education level, and income. In addition, there was a significant difference according to the age of the last child (p<.05) and according to menopause(p<.001). In short, lower levels of depression were observed in younger women aged between 40 and 45 women with higher educational background women whose last child is below school age and women who have yet to reach menopause.
4. The factors that mostly involved middle-aged women in symptoms of depression were observed in the order of sexual satisfaction and physical fatigue
5. The relationship between s.d.m.w. and depression showed a significant difference(p<.01) a negative correlation was observed, given that higher self-differentiation led to lower levels of depression. To identify the degree of depression according to the levels of self- differentiation, the respondents' levels of self- differentiation were classified into four stages. As a result, there was a difference of 4.14 points between lower (25%) and higher (25%) classes(p<.05).
6. As a result of the performance of regression analysis to determine the factors that affected the depression of middle-aged women, middle-aged women surveyed showed higher levels of depression when their senses of alienation and differentiation levels of triangle were higher(p<.01). It was observed that as overall differentiation levels were higher, levels of depression the middle-aged women experienced were lower.
The research results, as described above, allow us to identify that self-differentiation is an important variable that has a great effect on the depression and mental health of middle-aged women. Furthermore, from a family system perspective, self-differentiation has a positive effect on the whole family, helping the entire family live a healthy life.
In terms of a midlife crisis, the lower level of depression means that middle-aged women are adapting themselves to various changes while properly dealing with stresses .
Since self-differentiation of middle-aged women can be regarded as a staring point of another life for each family member, not as a midlife crisis, it is believed that substantial alternatives should be in place to allow individual family members to cope with changes occurring to themselves.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = i
• Ⅰ. 서론 =1
• A. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• B. 연구 문제 = 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 =5
• A. 자아분화 (Differentiation of Self) = 7
• 1. 자아분화의 개념과 특징 = 7
• 2. 자아분화 수준 = 14
• B. 중년기 여성 = 17
• 1. 중년기의 특징 및 발달과제 = 17
• 2. 중년기 여성과 우울 = 20
• C. 선행연구 = 28
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 = 31
• A. 연구대상 = 31
• B. 측정도구 = 31
• C. 자료수집 방법 및 절차 = 32
• D. 자료 처리 방법 = 33
• E. 신뢰도 검증 = 33
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 = 34
• A. 연구대상자의 일반적인 특성 = 34
• B. 자아분화 = 36
• 1. 자아분화 수준 = 36
• 2. 영역별 자아분화 수준 = 37
• 3. 사회인구학적 변인에 따른 자아분화 = 37
• C. 우울 = 40
• 1. 사회인구학적 변인에 따른 우울 = 40
• 2. 우울의 하위영역별 분포 = 43
• D. 자아분화와 우울간의 관계 = 44
• 1. 자아분화수준에 따른 우울 = 44
• 2. 자아분화 하위영역과 우울간의 상관관계 = 44
• 3. 우울에 영향을 미치는 요인 = 45
• Ⅴ. 결과 및 논의 = 46
• Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 = 50
• 참고문헌 = 52
• 부록 = 58
• ABSTRACT = 70