政府組織變化에 따른 變化抵抗과 職務態度 硏究 : 消防防災廳을 中心으로 = (A)study on change resistance and job attitudes in government organizational change : focused on the national emergency management agency

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to measure change resistance and change of job attitude and to analyze the correlations between the two factors. In preceding studies, most researches were done to find the critical factor in change resistance and job attitude. And they have neglected to consider the recognition of change resistance and change of job attitude among public officials in dynamic organizational change process. Consequently, they did not deal with a factor which was expected to have a negative effect on job attitude like change resistance. And it has considerable influence on productivity of government. To attain the goal with those background, this study measures and analyzes change resistance and change of job attitude among public officials working at National Emergency Management Agency.
This study shows meaningful results as follows. In spite of separation from the Ministry of Government Administration and Home affairs in lane 1, 2004, officials in National Emergency Management Agency considered change resistance in government organizational change highly negative. Especially the degree of change resistance was high in connection with organizational business factor among public officials. That means officials in National Emergency Management Agency experience many hold-ups because of the unreduced office hours and the shortage of human and material resources.
Next, this study examined change resistance according to the individual character and working environmental features. There are no difference to recognize change resistance according to the variable of individual characters like sex, academic background, age, etc. But there are quite a bit difference is working environmental features. For example, in technology, investigation, and administration of job classification, the difference of change resistance are higher than in emergency management. And the lower ranked public officials show high change resistance. Public officials in headquarter and Response Bureau show same result.
Next, this study examined the change of job attitude of National Emergency Management Agency officers. To improve the productivity of government with effective organization change, it needs to reduce every stress from their work. And job attitude like job satisfaction and devotion for organization has to be come out. However the job attitude result is not like that; work stress increased while job satisfaction and devotion for organization decreased. It is definitely a contradictive result from what organization change was expected to show. Exceptionally the officers who are in 4th grade are showing quite a good job satisfaction and increased devotion since the opening of National Emergency Management Agency. But most public officers' job attitude change has been indicating in a negative way.
Change of job attitude of National Emergency Management Agency officers is displaying differences between various individual character and working environmental features. Change of job attitude has been shown that differences are existing between working stress and job attitude. In age bracket, 50's indicated the highest work stress. On the contrary, 20's job satisfaction is the lowest. As age is getting higher, job satisfaction has been increased. And also age is getting higher, organization devotion has been increased as well. In work environmental features, headquarter officers are showing higher stress than sub-office officers. Moreover sub-officer officers' job satisfaction and organization devotion have indicated higher rate than headquarters'. Administrative Bureau hit the highest working stress record and Recovery and Relief Bureau is also showing the highest work stress.
In statistics, working stress has been increased, while job satisfaction and organization devotion have been decreased. That means change resistance could also be a critical factor which would influence job attitude. Therefore change resistance control is strongly required. Generally National Emergency Management Agency's change resistance and job influence analysis result have been affected with organization order, organization work, and individual psychology factor. Job satisfaction and organization devotion have been appeared to be affected with organization order and individual psychology factor. As a result it raises the necessity to consider individual character and working features in the management of change resistance.
Also this study presents political directions f1ar organizational development in the future. National Emergency Management Agency's officers show the normal level in the degree of change resistance, so the change in the organizational management is needed. Especially, among change resistances, organizational working factor is high. This could be blamed for not considering human and functional resources in the agency. Therefore, to improve the productivity of National Emergency Management Agency, organization diagnosis and redesigning of working should be investigated quickly.
Next, the change of job attitude of officials in National Emergency Management Agency shows negative result. That means, the goal of organizational change falls short of its expectations. If the current situations continued, National Emergency Management Agency could not raise the productivity. The change resistance studied in this thesis could exercise less influence than other factors presented in preceding studies. However the attention of change resistance management and political consideration are needed.
It is hard to make single alternative plan in National Emergency Management Agency by considering all aspects like diversities, individual character, organizational feature. There are various change resistance factors according to sex, age, academic background, job classification, etc. Therefore, various management method about change should be found by considering change resistance, job attitude and relations.
In external form, the opening of National Emergency Management Agency looks like a independence agency. But, in internal farm, it is like a expanded and modified shape separated from the headquarter of disaster and safety management in Ministry of Government Administration and Home affairs. So the aim of foundation of National Emergency Management Agency seems to be weaken. Also in national emergency management, technical and some other supporting factors should be accompanied. In near future, current organization which is centered on policy and administration must be modified by emphasizing field and functions.
The demands from the field of national emergency management are increasing, but there are some limits to support them by government. To improve the productivity of national emergency management, some systems should be established to draw the various participation of the people.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 문제제기 및 연구목적 = 1
• 제2절 연구대상과 범위 = 4
• 제3절 연구방법 = 5
• 제2장 연구의 이론적 배경 = 7
• 제1절 조직변화에 관한 이론 = 7
• 제2절 변화저항에 관한 이론적 연구 = 15
• 제3절 직무태도에 관한 이론적 배경 = 23
• 제4절 조직몰입에 대한 선행연구 = 26
• 제5절 직무만족에 대한 선행연구 = 31
• 제6절 직무스트레스에 대한 선행연구 = 33
• 제3장 정부조직변화와 소방방재청의 출범 = 40
• 제1절 정부조직변화의 의의와 변화 과정 = 40
• 제2절 소방방재청의 출범에 대한 고찰 = 45
• 제4장 실증분석을 위한 연구설계 = 61
• 제1절 연구를 위한 분석틀 = 61
• 제2절 연구가설 = 62
• 제3절 측정변수 및 조작적 정의 = 69
• 제5장 변화저항과 직무태도변화에 관한 실증분석 = 72
• 제1절 표본자료의 인구통계학적 특성 = 72
• 제2절 요인화를 위한 요인분석과 신뢰분석 = 75
• 제3절 소방방재청 조직변화와 조직성과에 대한 일반인식 = 79
• 제4절 소방방재청 공무원의 변화저항 = 82
• 제5절 소방방재청 공무원의 직무태도 변화 = 100
• 제6절 변화저항과 직무태도 영향관계 분석 = 115
• 제7절 실증분석 결과 = 124
• 제6장 결론 = 126
• 제1절 연구결과 요약 = 126
• 제2절 정책제언 = 129
• 제3절 연구의 한계 = 131
• 참고 문헌 = 133
• [별첨 1] 요인 및 설문항목별 독립표본 T-test 분석결과 및 분산분석 결과 = 141
• [별첨 2] 소방방재청 출범에 따른 공무원들의 변화인식과 직무태도조사 = 178
• Abstract = 185