매개효과 연구에서 자료의 분포형태에 따른 Sobel의 검정방법과 비대칭신뢰한계방법의 비교 = Comparison of Sobel's test and asymmetric confidence limits with varied distribution shapes in mediation analysis

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 사회과학의 다양한 분야에서 매개효과 연구가 활발히 수행되고 있다. 매개효과는 두 경로 계수의 곱으로 나타내며, 이러한 매개효과는 일반적으로 정규분포를 따르지 않는다. 따라서 본 모의실험연구는 단순한 매개효과 모형인 보통최소제곱 회귀모형을 사용하여 자료의 다양한 분포형태가 매개효과의 추정과 검정에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 조사하였다. 또한 본 연구에는 Sobel의 검정방법과 비대칭신뢰한계방법을 비교하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 자료의 비정규성은 경험적 일종오류와 통계적 검정력 비율, 그리고 포함확률에 별다른 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 관찰되었다. 그리고 비대칭신뢰한계방법이 Sobel의 검정방법보다 경험적 일종오류 비율, 통계적 검정력 비율, 그리고 포함확률에서 더 우수한 결과를 산출하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In social sciences, mediation analysis has been frequently conducted in many areas. Generally, the mediated effect is not normally distributed. Thus, this Monte Carlo simulation study investigated the effects of nonnormality on estimating and testing the mediated effect with the simple mediation model of OLS regression. Futhermore, this study compared asymmetric distribution limits and Sobel's test in terms of testing the mediated effect. The results showed that varied types of nonnormality did not seriously affect empirical Type I error rates, statistical power rates, and coverage probability. Also, it was found that the asymmetric confidence limits performed better than Sobel's test.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문초록
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• Ⅲ. 연구방법
• Ⅳ. 연구결과
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 논의
• 참고문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 조발그니, "학습기술과 대학생활적응의 관계에서 (학업적 유능성, 가족의 지지) 자기가치 수반성의 매개효과" 한국청소년학회 19 (19): 1-21, 2012

2 박현정, "잠재성장모형과 자기회귀교차지연모형을 활용한 종단매개효과 검증: 부모자녀관계가 자아존중감을 매개로 우울에 미치는 영향" 한국교육평가학회 26 (26): 83-106, 2013

3 서수균, "분노대처행동과 주관적안녕감의 관계에서 기본심리욕구충족의 매개효과" 한국임상심리학회 32 (32): 367-381, 2013

4 강경호, "부모애착과 불안의 관계에서 자기격려의 매개효과" 한국청소년학회 19 (19): 51-77, 2012

5 신경란, "대학생의 지각된 문제해결능력과 자살사고의 관계:우울의 매개효과" 한국문화및사회문제심리학회 19 (19): 389-407, 2013

6 Aroian, L. A., "The probability function of the product of two normally distributed variables" 18 : 265-271, 1947

7 Pituch, K. A., "The performance of methods to test upper-level mediation in the presence of non-normal data" 43 : 237-267, 2008

8 Baron, R. M., "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychology research : Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations" 51 : 1173-1182, 1986

9 Sobel, M. E., "Sociological Methodology" American Sociological Association 290-312, 1982

10 Meeker, W. Q., "Selected tables in mathematical statistics, volume VII: The product of two normally distributed random variables" American Mathematical Society 1981

11 Preacher, K. J., "SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models" 34 : 717-731, 2004

12 Bradley, J. V., "Robustness?" 31 : 144-152, 1978

13 Hoogland, J. J., "Robustness studies in covariance structure modeling : An overview and a meta-analysis" 26 : 329-367, 1998

14 Tofighi, D., "RMediation : An R package for mediation analysis confidence intervals" 43 : 629-700, 2011

15 R Development Core Team, "R: A language and environment for statistical computing" R Foundation for Statistical Computing 2013

16 Hayes, A. F., "Quantifying and testing indirect effects in simple mediation models when the constituent paths are nonlinear" 45 : 627-660, 2010

17 Judd, C. M., "Process analysis : Estimating mediation in evaluation research" 5 : 602-619, 1981

18 Goodman, L. A., "On the exact variance of products" 55 : 708-713, 1978

19 Preacher, K. J., "Multilevel SEM strategies for evaluating mediation in three-level data" 46 : 691-731, 2011

20 Shrout, P. E., "Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies : New procedures and recommendations" 7 : 422-445, 2002

21 von Soest, T., "Mediation analysis in a latent growth curve modeling framework" 18 : 289-314, 2011

22 Cheong, J., "Investigation of mediational process using parallel process latent growth curve modeling" 10 : 238-262, 2003

23 MacKinnon, D. P., "Introduction to statistical mediation analysis" Erlbaum 2008

24 김아영, "Influence of Parents' Autonomy Support on Elementary Students' Self-Regulated Learning Efficacy: The Mediating Effect of Self-Determined Motivation" 한국교육개발원 35 (35): 3-24, 2008

25 Finch, J. F., "Effects of sample size and non-normality on the estimation of mediated effects in latent variable models" 4 : 87-107, 1997

26 MacKinnon, D. P., "Distribution of the product confidence limits for the indirect effect : Program PRODCLIN" 39 : 384-389, 2007

27 Bollen, K. A., "Direct and indirect effects : classical and bootstrap estimates of variability" 20 : 115-140, 1990

28 MacKinnon, D. P., "Confidence limits for the indirect effect : Distribution of the product and resampling methods" 39 : 99-128, 2004

29 Koo, N., "Accuracy of estimates, empirical Type I error rates, and statistical power rates for testing mediation in latent growth modeling in the presence of nonnormal data" University of Florida 2012

30 Fleishman, A. I., "A method for simulating non-normal distributions" 43 : 521-532, 1978

31 Pituch, K. A., "A comparison of single sample and bootstrap methods to assess mediation in cluster randomized trials" 41 : 367-400, 2006

32 MacKinnon, D. P., "A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects" 7 : 83-104, 2002