영아의 기질 및 어머니의 양육태도가 어린이집에서 나타나는 영아의 문제행동에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Infants' Temperament and Mothers' Child-rearing Attitudes on Infants' Problem Behaviors in Child Care Centers

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 영아의 기질 및 어머니의 양육태도가 어린이집에서 나타나는 영아의 문제행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 대상은 서울시에 위치한 어린이집의 만 2세 영아 70명과 그들의 어머니 70명이다. 연구도구로는 영아 기질 척도(ITQ), 어머니 양육 태도 척도(MBR), 그리고 영아 행동 척도(IBC)가 사용되었으며, 수집된 자료는 t검증, 일원변량분석, 상관관계 및 회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다.
분석 결과 영아의 기질과 어머니의 양육태도는 공격적 행동, 반항적 행동, 정서불안, 위축행동 등 영아의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 영아의 기질 중 반응강도와 어머니의 양육태도 중 자율적 양육태도의 영향력이 영아의 문제행동 전반에 걸쳐 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 영아기 문제행동의 조기 예방을 위해서는 영아의 기질을 고려한 어머니의 애정적이고 자율적인 양육태도가 효과적임을 시사하고 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of infants' temperament and mothers' child-rearing attitudes on infants' problem behaviors in child care centers. The subjects of this study were 70 two-year-olds and their mothers. Measurements of this study were Infant Temperament Questionnaire(ITQ), Maternal Behavior Research Instrument(MBRI) and Infant Behavior Checklist(IBC). The data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and stepwise regression.
The results showed that infants' temperament and mothers' child-rearing attitudes had influence on infants' problem behaviors, i.e., aggression, disobedience, anxiety, and contraction in child care centers. Especially, response strength of infants' temperament and autonomy of mothers' child-rearing attitudes had significant influence on infants' problem behaviors in general. These results suggest that goodness of fit between infants' temperament and mothers' child-rearing attitudes based on affection and autonomy is effective for prevention of infants' problem behaviors.

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