학문적 전통에 따른 담화분석의 이론적 특성 분석 = An analysis on the theoretical characteristics of discourse analysis according to academic traditions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of this paper is to unify and expand theoretical understanding of discourse analysis, which is fragmentarily recognized by qualitative education researchers. This study systematically analyzes theoretical characteristics of discourse analysis through its academic traditions. Also, this paper scrutinizes the meaning, significance and main research domains of discourse analysis.
To analyze theoretical characteristics of discourse analysis, this study applied analytical criteria such as academic genesis, the meaning of language, fundamental premise, view of the human and social reality, principal analysis object and analysis unit, and representative scholars. The specific results and conclusions are as follows:
①Sociolinguistics and the ethnography of communication, ②Ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, and ③'Discursive psychology of sociocultural perspectives' had reciprocal analogies and differences. Therefore, qualitative education researchers who perform education study through discourse analysis should select an appropriate academic tradition and method according to his(her) study aim or purpose. And he(she) should elaborately recognize analysis object and unit, which are derived from academic traditions and methods of discourse analysis. Additionally, qualitative education researchers can also create a new theoretical background and method of discourse analysis by blending various academic traditions.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 글은 학문적 전통에 따른 담화분석의 이론적 특성들을 체계적으로 분석함으로써 교육 분야의 질적 연구에서 분절적으로 인식되고 있는 담화분석의 이론적 이해를 통합하고 확장하는 데 있다. 이를 위한 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 담화분석의 의미와 중요성, 주요 연구영역은 무엇인가? 둘째, 담화분석은 각 학문적 전통에 따라 어떠한 이론적 특성을 지니고 있는가? 이 글은 학문적 전통에 따른 담화분석의 이론적 특성을 체계적으로 분석하기 위해 ①학문적 모태, ②언어의 의미, ③기본적 전제(premise), ④인간관/사회적 실재(social reality), ⑤주요 연구대상 및 분석단위, ⑥대표 학자 등의 준거를 활용하였다.
①사회언어학과 의사소통의 문화기술지, ②민속방법론과 회화분석, ③‘사회문화적 관점의 담화심리학’의 각 전통들은 상호간에 유사점과 차이점이 혼재해 있다. 따라서 담화분석을 통해 교육연구를 수행하는 질적 연구자는 자신의 연구에 적합한 담화분석의 학문적 전통과 방법론을 채택해야 하며, 그 학문적 전통과 방법론으로부터 파생되는 중요한 연구대상과 분석단위를 세밀히 파악해야 한다. 또한 질적 연구자는 연구의 필요성과 목적에 따라 담화분석의 여러 학문적 전통들을 융합하여, 자신의 연구에 적합한 새로운 이론적 배경과 방법론들을 창조할 수도 있다.

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