운동선수의 수행향상을 위한 심리지원 프로그램 적용 및 평가 -마음챙김,수용전념(MAC)접근을 중심으로- = Evaluation and Application of Psychological Support Program for Enhancing Athletic Performance -Mindfulness & Acceptance, Commitment(MAC) approach-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was to compare the effects of psychological skill training(PST) based on the principles of control and adjustment with mindfulness & acceptance, commitment based approach (MAC) to athletic performance enhancement. The participants of this study was the high school male 26 athletes(13 archer, 13 shooter) registered by division association. All three athlete groups received the same measures given at pre- and post-7weeks treatment : Mindfulness Scale (Park, 2006), Acceptance & Action Questionnaire-16(AAQ-16: Bond et al 2000), Psychological Skill Scale(Vealey, 1988), Athletic Performance Scale(Mamassis & Doganis, 2004). The main results are as follows. First, the imagery, accomplished, and arousal of psychological skills did not differ between the groups. Attention skill of the psychological skills training groups and mindfulness·acceptance group was higher than that of the control group. Confidence skill of mindfulness?acceptance groups was the highest than in the other groups. Second, current awareness, non-judgmental acceptance, decentralized attention of mindfulness did not differ between the groups, the attention skill of mindfulness?acceptance groups was the highest than psychological skills training group and the control group. Third, the acceptance behavior of mindfulness?acceptance groups was the highest than psychological skills training group and the control group. Fourth, the perceived performance levels were not significantly different between the groups. The details of the results are discussed.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 문현미, "심리적 수용 촉진 프로그램의 개발과 효과 : 수용-전념 치료 모델을 중심으로" 가톨릭대학교 대학원 2006

2 윤기운, "수용전념 치료적 접근: 실습과 사례" 한국스포츠심리학회 207-221, 2013

3 원현준, "수용 전념 치료가 양궁선수의 스트레스 감소와 수용 및 마음 챙김에 미치는 효과" 한국스포츠심리학회 24 (24): 87-103, 2013

4 김병현, "사격, 양궁선수의 심리기술 검사지 개발" 10 (10): 55-69, 1999

5 김완석, "명상을 통한 수행역량개발" 학지사 2010

6 박성현, "마음챙김 척도 개발" 가톨릭대학교 대학원 2006

7 Johnson, J. J. M., "self-talk and female youth soccer performance" 18 : 44-59, 2004

8 Kabat-Zinn, J., "Wherever you go there you are" Hyperion 1994

9 Hayes, S., "What is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, In A practical guide to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" Springer 3-29, 2004

10 Hardy, L., "Understanding psychological preparation for sport: Theory and practice of elite performers" Wiley 1996

11 Moore, Z. E., "Toward the development of and evidence based practice of sport psychology: A structured qualitative study of performance enhancement interventions" La Salle University 2003

12 Moore, Z., "Theoretical and empirical developments of the mindfulness acceptance commitment(MAC)approach to performance enhancement" 4 : 291-302, 2009

13 Gardner, F. L., "The psychology of enhancing human performance: The Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach" Springer 2007

14 Mamassis, G., "The effects of a mental training program on juniors' precompetitive anxiety, self-confidence and tennis performance" 39 (39): 118-137, 2004

15 USOC, "The United States Olympic Committee’s Mental Training Protocol"

16 Bandura, A., "Self-efficacy : Toward a unifying theory of behavior change" 84 : 192-215, 1997

17 Kee, Y. H., "Relationships between mindfulness, flow dispositions and mental skills adoption : A cluster analytic approach" 9 : 393-411, 2008

18 Harvy, D. T., "Relationship between self-talk and golf performance" 6 : 84-91, 2006

19 Moore, Z. E., "Psychological skills training for athletic performance enhancement: An evidence-based approach" 2002

20 Whelan, J., "Performance enhancement in sport : A cognitive-behavioral domain" 22 : 307-327, 1991

21 De Petrillo, L. A., "Mindfulness for long-distance runners: An open trail using mindful sport performance enhancement" 4 : 357-376, 2009

22 Gardner, F. L., "Mindfulness and acceptance models in sport psychology: A decade of basic and applied scientific advancements" 53 (53): 309-318, 2012

23 Bernier, M., "Mindfulness and acceptance app-roaches in sport performance" 4 : 320-333, 2009

24 Wolanin, A. T., "Mindfulness - acceptance -commitment (MAC) based performance enhancement for Division I collegiate athletes: A preliminary investigation" 65 (65): 3735-3794, 2005

25 Orlick, T., "Mental links to excellence" 2 : 105-130, 1988

26 Bond, F. W., "Mediators of change in emotion-focused and problem focused worksite stress management interventions" 5 : 156-163, 2000

27 Burton, D., "Goal setting in sport: Investigating the goal effectiveness paradox, In Handbook of sport psychology" John Wiley & Sons 497-528, 2001

28 Vealey, R. S., "Future directions in psychological skills training" 2 : 318-336, 1988

29 Roemer, L., "Expanding our conceptualization and treatment of general anxiety disorder: Interesting mindfulness acceptance-based approachs with existing cognitive-behavioral models" 9 : 27-44, 2002

30 Hasker, S. M., "Evaluation of the Mindfulness-acceptance-commitment(MAC) approach for enhancing athletic performance" Indiana University of Pennsylvania 2010

31 Kaufman, K. A., "Evaluation of mindful sport performance enhancement(MSPE) : A new approach to promote flow in athletes" 4 : 334-356, 2009

32 Gould, D., "Coping strategies used by US Olympic Wrestlers" 64 : 83-93, 1993

33 Williams, "Cognitive strategies in sport and exercise psychology, In Exploring Sport and Exercise Psychology" APA 75-98, 2002

34 Meichenbaum, D., "Cognitive behaviour modification: An integrative approach" Plenum Press 1977

35 Gardner, F. L., "Clinical sport psychology" Human Kinetics 2006

36 Schwanhausser, L., "Application of the Mindfulness Acceptance Commitment (MAC) protocol with an adolescent springboard diver" 4 : 377-395, 2009

37 Gooding, A., "An investigation of the relationship between mindfulness pre-shot routine, and basketball free throw percentage" 4 : 303-319, 2009

38 Hayes, S. C., "Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: An Experiimental Approach to Behavioral Change" Guilford Press 1999

39 Lutkenhouse, J. M., "A randomized controlled trial comparing the performance enhancement effects of mindfulness-acceptance-commitment (MAC) performance enhancement and psychological skills training procedures"

40 Moore, Z. E., "A protocol for Mindfulness-Acceptanance Commitment (MAC) approach to athletic performance enhancement" 2003

41 Taylor, J., "A conceptual model for integrating athletes' needs and sport demands in the development of competitive mental preparation strategies" 339-357, 1995

42 Gardner, F. L., "A Mindfulness-acceptance-commitment-bas ed approach to athletic performance enhancement: Theoretical considerations" 35 : 707-723, 2004

43 Gould, D., "1988 U. S. Olympic wrestling excellence I : Mental preparation, precompetitive cognition and affect" 6 : 358-382, 1992