근린환경과 노인의 사회적 관계, 우울에 관한 연구: 서울지역을 중심으로 = A Study on the Neighborhood Environment, Social Relationship and Depression of the Elderly: in Case of Seoul Metropolitan Area

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The study focused on the relationship between neighborhood environment and depression of the elderly. To verify the correlations of two variables, mediating model structured by social relationship was used. The data was Seoul Welfare Panel Data made by Seoul welfare foundation in 2008. The total sample size was 2,111 elderly aged over 60. When it came to our research methods, structured equation modeling was applied to verify the mediating effect and theoretical background. The findings were as follows: First, the neighborhood environment directly affected depression level of the elderly. Second, the social relationship did function as partial mediator on relationship between neighborhood environment and depression level of the elderly. Finally, there was also partial mediating effect between neighborhood environment and depression level of the elderly after controlling the individual variables. The results of this study indicate the practical and political intervention to promote mental health of the elderly those who are vulnerable population because of the poor neighborhood environment.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 근린환경의 열악성정도가 노인의 우울에 미치는 영향력을 검증함과 동시에 근린환경의 열악성과우울과의 관계에서 사회적 관계의 매개효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구의 목적을 위하여 2008년서울시복지패널조사를 분석에 활용하였으며, 최종적으로 60대 이상 노인 2,111명을 분석대상으로 하였다. 연구방법은 SPSS 프로그램을 이용하여 대상자의 특성을 알아보기 위해 빈도분석과 기술분석을 실시하였으며, 주요변수들의 신뢰도와 타당도 검증을 위해 탐색적 요인분석 및 신뢰도 검증을 실시하였다. 또한, AMOS 프로그램을 이용하여 구조방정식을 활용한 연구모델의 매개효과를 검증하고, 개인의 인구사회경제적 변수를 투입한 통제된 매개효과검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 근린환경의 열악성은 노인의 우울에 정적인 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 근린환경의 열악성과 노인의 우울과의 관계에서 사회적 관계는 부분매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 통제된 매개모형검증결과에서도 근린환경, 사회적 관계, 우울은 여전히 부분매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타나 근린환경의 환경효과가 검증되었다. 따라서, 본 연구의 결과는 노인의 우울을 치료함에 있어 근린환경의 중요성을 입증하였을 뿐만 아니라 주거지의 열악성으로 야기되는 사회적 관계를 함께고려하여 진행되어야 함을 실증분석하였다.

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