고등교육기관 평가인증제의 정치적 함의 = Political Implications on Evaluation and Accreditation System of Higher Education Institutions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper explores the complex relationships of different interest groups in the evaluation and accreditation system for the quality assurance of higher education with political process. For this purpose, the characteristics of different approach to the concepts of quality assurance and evaluation and accreditation was explored, and the groups which constitute its political ecological environment were identified. Then key participants who play major roles in the model of evaluation and accreditation were identified, and their interests, resource, motivations, and strategies were investigated. Lastly the current issues and suggestions of the evaluation and accreditation system were outlined Th study found that the evaluation and accreditation system is designed as political process and the conceptions of quality is made among competing groups for doing privileges some interests over others. Government and higher education institutes as key participants are competing with each other for having greater voice in designing and implementation of evaluation and accreditation system; recognition of evaluation and accreditation organizations, the purpose of the evaluation and accreditation, the differentiation of evaluation and accreditation criteria between universities and non-universities, the publication ways and utilization of accreditation results, and designing international evaluation and accreditation criteria.
It is more useful to view it as a political dimension to minimize the problems and conflicts of groups in the designing and implementation of evaluation and accreditation system.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 글은 고등교육기관의 평가인증제를 이해당사자간의 가치, 갈등, 권력과정으로 설명하는 정치적 관점에서 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 평가인증과 교육의 질에 대한 개념을 살펴보고 정치학적 분석 틀에 의해 환경과 이에 참여하는 이해당사자의 특성을 살펴보았다. 또한 평가인증제의 핵심적 참여자인 정부와 고등교육기관 간에 나타나는 갈등을 평가인증 주체, 평가인증의 목적, 고등교육기관 유형별 평가인증 기준 설정, 인증결과의 공식화 및 활용, 평가인증기준의 국제적 대응 측면으로 구분하여 분석하고 이를 목표, 자원, 동기, 전략 수준으로 정리하였다. 마지막으로 평가인증제를 둘러싸고 제기되는 쟁점과 시사점을 제시하였다.
그동안 평가인증제에 대한 선행 연구들은 주로 기술적인 과정에 초점을 둠으로써 제도 형성 및 시행과정에서 나타나는 이해당사자 간 상호작용에 주목하지 못하였다. 교육의 질 개념에 대한 해석은 물론 평가인증제 형성 및 시행 과정에서 집단의 이익을 추구하기 위한 이해당사자들의 정치적 갈등과 이해관계가 나타난다는 점에서 평가인증제의 정치적 함의를 이해할 필요가 있다.
평가인증제를 정치적 관점에서 조망하는 것은 평가인증제도 도입의 초기 단계에서 나타날 수 있는 집단 간 이해관계나 갈등을 최소화 하면서 제도의 합리성 및 실효성을 높이는 계기를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

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