문제해결 상황을 위한 학습전략으로서의 유추 = Analogical Reasoning as Learning Strategy for Problem Solving Situation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Learning strategies have been used in attempt to increase the acquisition of new knowledge in specific domains General strategic knowledge refers to knowledge that can be applied broadly and would include the ability to relate attributes of a current situation to some prior encounter ; Domain- specific knowledge refers to knowledge one processes relative to a particular field of study. It is assumed that general strategic knowledge can operate as a learning strategy to improve more specific domain knowledge acquisition. Thinking and reasoning by analogy is the focus of this paper as strategic knowledge. Analogy is a form of logical inference or a description in which something is compared with something familiar. Developing the learner``s skill through analogy has been derived from some theorist and has been attempted for various knowledge domins. However, there is a lack of research in which analogcial reasoning is used as a learning strategy and no analogical strategic training model which can be implied for problem sovling situations. In order to study whether training in analogical reasoning as strategic knowledge would benefit problem solving, three different theories of analogical reasoning were intergrated in a unified training model. First, based on componential theory, the verall framework of analogical reasoning was explained. Then, structure- mapping theory and schema- based analogical transfer approach were used for specific strategies for the solution process. In the execution of strategies for task performance of componential theory, the inductive componetns generate an analogical reasoning process in several steps. In structure- mapping theory, when the particular relations from tbase to target are mapped by a systematical process, the mapping is determined by the roles of the objects in the higher- order relational structure. Holyoak emphasizes the function of analogy as transfer of knowledge using a schema. Convergence schema which contains the core ideas shared between two analogies.