사회적 자본이 지식창출과 혁신에 미치는 영향 = Social Capital, Knowledge Creation, and Innovation

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 사회적 자본이 지식창출과 혁신에 미치는 영향을 탐구하는데 목적이 있다. 사회적 자본을 구조적 차원, 적 차원 및 인지적 차원으로 구분하고, 이러한 세 차원 간의 관계를 구체적으로 도출하였다. 또한, 사회적 자본과 혁신의 관계는 사회적 자본이 지식의 교환과 결합을 촉진함으로써, 혁신에 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악하였다. 지식기반 산업내 기업의 연구개발 부문을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였으며, 구조방정식을 통해 연구모형을 검증하였다. 연구결과, 본 연구에서 제시한 가설은 대체로 지지되었다. 사회적 상호작용과 신뢰의 관계를 제외하고는, 사회적 자본의 제 차원 간에 유의한 관계가 확인되었다. 또한, 사회적 자본의 구조적 차원인 사회적 상호작용과 인지적 차원인 공유코드는 지식의 교환과 결합에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 지식의 교환과 결합은 혁신을 촉진하는 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This research developed and tested a research model of how organizational social capital affects knowledge exchange and combination which in turn facilitate technological innovation. A field study of the R&D centers of over 100 high-tech firms showed that the three dimensions of social capital were positively related to the extent of knowledge creation, and in turn knowledge creation was positively associated with firm innovation.
As social networks and relations among social actors-firms, groups, and people-have been regarded as major sources of innovation, a number of studies have been conducted to explore the relationship between social capital and innovation. However, theories and frameworks are both abundant and divergent. Empirical findings are inconsistent and fail to confirm how the components of social capital are related to innovation.
In this article, I proposed that social capital influences firm innovation through knowledge exchange and combination processes. Nahapiet and Ghoshal(1998) identified three dimensions of social, capital-structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions and theoretically justified how each of these dimensions facilitate the exchange and combination of intellectual capital. Through extending Nahapiet and Ghoshal’s theoretical framework, the current study developed a research model, formulated some specific hypotheses based on the model, and subjected those hypotheses to empirical test based on a survey conducted among the R&D centers of the firms in knowledgebased industries in Korea.
I developed the hypotheses on (1) how the different dimensions of social capital interact with each other, (2) how they influence knowledge exchange combination among the knowledge workers of a firm’s R&D center, and (3) how knowledge exchange and combination in turn influence product innovation. The hypotheses are as follows;
H1: social interaction(structural dimension of social capital) is positively related to the level of trustworthiness(relational dimension of social capital).
H2: social interaction is positively related to the level of shared vision and codes(cognitive dimension of social capital).
H3: Shared vision and codes are positively related to the level of trustworthiness.
H4: social interaction is positively associated with the extent of knowledge creation.
H5: Shared vision and codes are positively associated with the extent of knowledge creation.
H6: The level of trustworthiness is positively associated with the extent of knowledge creation.
H7: The extent of knowledge exchange and combination is positively associated with the level of product innovation.
This study examined the relationships both among the structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions of social capital and among the dimensions, knowledge creation, and product innovation. I applied structural equation modeling techniques to test the hypotheses. Five of the seven hypothesized links were found significant. Contrary to the prediction in Hypothesis 1, no evidence supported a direct effect of social interaction on the level of trustworthiness. Social interaction had a positive effect on shared vision and codes, and shared vision and codes showed a direct effect on trustworthiness. Therefore, Hypotheses 2 and 3 were supported. Social interaction, shared vision, and codes were found to be positively related to knowledge creation, thus Hypotheses 4 and 5 were confirmed. Hypothesis 6, however, was not confirmed, as trustworthiness did not show a direct effect on knowledge creation. Lastly, Knowledge exchange and combination showed a positive effect on product innovations; therefore, Hypothesis 7 was supported. To examine whether the relationship between knowledge creation and product innovation is robust, I performed a regression analysis in which firm size, R&D unit size, firm age, and industry were controlled.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 〈초록〉
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경과 가설
• Ⅲ. 연구방법
• Ⅳ. 연구결과
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 토의
• 참고문헌
• ABSTRACT

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