대학 프로젝트 수업 환경에서 분업화, 상호작용, 공유정신모형이 팀 수행성과와 개인 학습에 미치는 영향 = Effects of Role Division, Interaction, and Shared Mental Model on Individual Learning and Team Performance in a University Classroom

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cognitive mechanism of project-based learning teams on the basis of the Shared Mental Model theory. To pursue the purpose, several hypotheses were developed based on relevant literature. Fifteen (15) project teams composed of 57 female college students in Korea were participated in this study. For the tests of multivariate parameters, a Path Analysis method was employed. Major findings are; 1) As hypothesized, member interaction was a strong predictor for team-related SMM but not for task-related. 2) The level of the team`s division of labor reduced member interactions. 3) Team-related SMM, but not task-related SMM, was associated with team performance. 4) Team performance did not influence individual student`s learning. Based on the results, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 정명화, "프로젝트 수업이 대학생의 창의적 사고, 창의적 성향 및 문제해결능력 향상에 미치는 효과" 한국교육심리학회 18 (18): 287-301, 2004

2 박민정, "프로젝트 기반 수업을 통한 대학원 학생들의 학습경험에 관한 연구" 한국교육과정학회 25 (25): 265-288, 2007

3 성태제, "연구방법론" 학지사 2007

4 강혜련, "공유멘탈모델의 선행요인 및 팀효과성에 미치는 영향" 한국산업및조직심리학회 16 (16): 93-120, 2003

5 Hinsz V. B., "emerging conceptualization of groups as information processors" 121 (121): 43-64, 1997

6 Morgan, A., "Theoretical aspects of project-based learning in higher education" 14 (14): 66-78, 1983

7 Johnson, T. E., "The relationship between shared mental models and task performance in an online team-based learning environment" 21 (21): 97-112, 2008

8 Mathieu, J. E., "The influence of shared mental models on team process and performance" 85 (85): 273-283, 2000

9 Urban, J. M., "The importance of team architecture in understanding team processes" JAI Press 1995

10 Winters, D., "The effect of learning versus outcome goals on a simple versus a complex task" 21 (21): 36-250, 1996

11 Hackman, J. R., "The design of work teams. in: Handbook of organizational behavior" Prentice-Hall 1987

12 Nolan, J., "The computational metaphor and environmentalism" 6 (6): 50-63, 1992

13 Klimoski, R., "Team mental model: construct or metaphor?" 20 (20): 403-437, 1994

14 Hoyle, R. H., "Structural equation modeling: Conceptual issues, and applications" SAGE 1995

15 Cannon-Bowers, J. A., "Shared mental models in expert team decision making. in: Individual and Group Decision Making: Current issues" Lawrence Erlbaum 2005

16 Mathieu, J. E., "Scaling the quality of teammates’ mental models: Equifinality and normative comparisons" 26 (26): 37-56, 2005

17 Edmondson, A., "Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams" 44 (44): 350-383, 1999

18 Helle, L., "Project-based learning in post-secondary education: Theory, practice and rubber sling shots" 51 (51): 287-314, 2006

19 Adderley, K., "Project methods in higher education" Society for Research into Higher Education 1975

20 Marks, M. A., "Performance implications of leader briefings and team-interaction training for team adaptation to novel environments" 85 (85): 971-986, 2000

21 Schein, E. H., "Organizational Culture and Leadership" Jossey-Bass 1992

22 Blumenfeld, P. C., "Motivating project-based learning: Sustaining the doing, supporting" 26 : 369-398, 1991

23 Johnson-Laird, P. N., "Mental models. In Foundations of Cognitive Science" MIT Press 1989

24 Rentsch, J. R., "Members of great teams think alike: a model of team effectiveness and schema similarity among team members. in: Advances in Interdisciplinary Studies of Work Teams, Vol.1, Series of Self-Managed Work Teams" JAI Press 1994

25 Cooke, N. J., "Measuring team knowledge" 42 (42): 151-173, 2000

26 Walsh, J. P, "Managerial and organizational cognition: Notes from a trip down memory lane" 6 (6): 280-321, 1995

27 Druskat, V. U., "Learning versus performance in short-term project teams" 31 (31): 328-353, 2000

28 Johnson, D. W., "Learning together and alone: Cooperative, competitive, and individualistic learning" Allyn & Bacon 1994

29 Chan, D., "Functional relations among constructs in the same content domain at different levels of analysis: a typology of composition models" 83 (83): 234-246, 1998

30 Kolb, D. A., "Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development" Prentice Hall 1984

31 James, L. R., "Estimating within-group interrater reliability with and without response bias" 69 (69): 85-98, 1984

32 Webber, S. S., "Enhancing Team Mental Model Measurement With Performance Appraisal Practices" 3 (3): 307-322, 2000

33 Katz, L., "Engaging children's minds: The project approach" Ablex Publishing Corporation 2000

34 Il-Hyun JO, "Effects of Role Differentiation, Interaction, and Lapse of the Time on Shared Mental Models in e-Learning Contents Development Teams in Korea" 한국교육공학회 10 (10): 63-83, 2009

35 Smith, B., "Developing managers through project-based learning" Gower 1997

36 Barkley, E. F., "Collaborative learning techniques: A handbook for college faculty" Jossey-Bass 2005

37 Levesque, L. L., "Cognitive divergence and shared mental models in software development project teams" 22 (22): 135-144, 2001

38 Brislin, R. W., "Back-translation for cross-cultural research" 1 (1): 185-216, 1970

39 Freeman, K. A., "Attitudes toward work in project groups as predictors of academic performance" 27 (27): 265-282, 1996

40 Reichers, A. E., "An interactionist perspective on newcomer socialization rates" 12 (12): 278-287, 1987