Recently, most domestic higher education institutions (HEIs) have been required to innovate themselves and strengthen their competitiveness by internal and external stakeholders, while having struggled to achieve their missions such as research, educa...
Recently, most domestic higher education institutions (HEIs) have been required to innovate themselves and strengthen their competitiveness by internal and external stakeholders, while having struggled to achieve their missions such as research, education, and service for society. Therefore, this paper proposes a reference model for BSC (Balanced Scorecard) which has been proven a powerful strategic innovation tool through many implementations both in profit and non-profit organizations. The proposed model was developed so that it could be generally applied to the HEIs. The model includes a perspective framework, a strategy map, and measures for organizational performance, and these artifacts systematically represent general components and their relationships in terms of HEIs' perspectives on performance, strategies, and performance indicators. The model is expected to help a HEI develop a BSC model effectively to implement BSC environment.