직무만족과 직무에서 경험하는 정서간의 관계: 빈도 가설과 긍정성 비율 가설의 비교 = The relationship between job satisfaction and emotions at work: Testing the frequency and positivity ratio hypotheses

국문 초록 (Abstract)

삶의 만족이나 주관적 안녕감 연구에서는 ‘행복’이나 ‘번영(flourishing)’과 일상적 정서 경험 간의 관계에 대한 두 가지 다소 다른 관점을 제시하고 있다. 먼저, 빈도 가설(Diener et al., 1991)은 일상생활에서 긍정 정서 경험의 강도보다는 긍정 정서 경험의 빈도가 행복 또는 삶의 만족과 더 관련이 있다는 관점이며, 긍정성 비율(positivity ratio) 가설(Fredrickson & Losada, 2005)은 긍정 대 부정 정서경험의 비율(P/N)이 특정 비율(예: 3 : 1) 이상을 이루는 것이 최적의 기능을 하는 데 중요하다는 관점이다. 본 연구에서는 남녀 직장인들을 대상으로 일상재구성법(DRM)으로 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 이러한 두 관점을 직무만족과 하루 근무시간 동안의 정서 경험 간의 관계에 적용하고자 하였다. 결과에 따르면, 빈도가설의 예측처럼, 하루 동안 매 근무시간마다 부정 정서보다 긍정 정서를 경험하는 빈도가 많을수록 직무만족 수준이 유의하게 더 높았다. 그러나 긍정 정서 경험의 강도는 빈도 효과를 통제하면 아무런 유의한 효과를 보이지 못하였다. 또한 긍정성 비율의 가설처럼, 긍정성 비율이 높을수록 직무에 더 만족하였지만, 그러한 선형적 관계뿐만 아니라 비율이 일정 수치를 넘어서면 평평해지거나 오히려 낮아지는 비선형 관계도 유의한 설명력을 보였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 결과가 제시하는 시사점에 대해 논의하였다.

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