주의력결핍과잉행동 아동의 마음이론과 사회적 능력 = The Relationship between the Understadning of mind and Social Competence in ADHD Children

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the ADHD children’s understandings of mind and its relationship with social competence, hyperactivity and attention deficit. Forty-one ADHD children in the three age groups (7-, 9-, and 11-year-olds) performed seven different kinds of theory of mind tasks, and their mother evaluated children’s social competence, attention deficit and hyperactivity. Performances of the ADHD children were compared with the performances of the normal children from Ghim (2005). ADHD children performed as well as the normal children except the explicit desire + belief and the explicit desire + false belief tasks which required more inhibitory control. ADHD children’s social competence scores were negatively correlated with the attention deficit and hyper activity but not with the theory of mind score. These results demonstrate that the social difficulties of ADHD children do not arise from their difficulties of understanding mind but from their attention deficits and hyperactivity, which are the results of their lack of inhibitory control.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 ADHD 아동의 마음이해 능력이 정상 아동에 비해 떨어지는지, 아동의 마음이해 능력이 사회적 능력과 관련이 있는지를 연구하였다. 7가지 종류의 마음이해과제를 ADHD 아동에게 실시하였고, ADHD 아동의 부모에게 자녀의 사회성, 주의력 결핍, 과잉행동, 관습관련 사회행동 및 마음이해 관련 사회행동을 평가하도록 하였다. 7세, 9세 및 11세의 41명의 ADHD 아동이 연구에 참가하였다. ADHD 아동의 마음이해 과제에 대한 수행은 김혜리(2005)에서 수집된 정상아동의 수행과 비교되었다. ADHD 아동은 마음이해 과제 중 다른 과제에 비해 억제통제가 더 요구되는 바람+믿음 명시와 바람+틀린 믿음 명시 과제에서만 정상아동에 비해 낮은 수행을 보였다. ADHD 아동의 사회성은 주의력 결핍 및 과잉행동과 부적상관관계를 보였으나, 마음이해 능력, 마음이해 관련 사회행동, 관습관련 사회행동과는 유의미한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 ADHD 아동이 사회적 능력이 부족한 것은 마음이해 능력이 부족해서 나타나는 것이 아니라 억제통제의 결함으로 인한 주의력 결핍과 과잉행동과 관련된다는 실행기능의 문제임을 보여준다.

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