중소기업 리더 코칭이 직무관련 태도에 미치는 영향에관한 연구 = The Influence of Business Coaching on the Job-related Attitude of Small and Medium Enterprises

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this research is to identify the influence of business coaching on the job-related attitude of small and medium enterprises. Particularly, this research examined the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relation between coaching and job related attitude. To prove this, data was collected among 109 leaders from ten companies whom are at the above manager level and have experience in one to one coaching or group coaching for more than six months. According to the survey, there were significant influences between the coaching process and the job-related attitude. Also, the quality of coaching relationship and the job-related attitude were proven to have a significant influence. In this process, self-efficacy played the role of mediator. This result demonstrates that determinants of successful influence for small and medium enterprises, systematic management of coaching process is important. Moreover, relationship between coach and coachee was shown to have importance. This analysis suggests that as a coachee builds up self-confidence, there is an improvement of job-related attitude. In conclusion, the connection between the introduction of coaching and execution has a strong impact on small and medium enterprises.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 중소기업의 리더를 위한 코칭이 직무관련 태도에 미치는 영향을 확인해 보는 것이다. 구체적으로 코칭 프로세스와 코칭 관계력이 자기효능감을 매개로 직무만족도 및 조직몰입도에 영향을 주는 과정을 검증해 보았다. 이를 위해, 실제로 6개월 이상 1대 1 혹은 그룹 코칭 경험을 한 10개 회사의 중간관리자 이상 리더 109명을 대상으로 자료가 수집되었다. 연구결과에 따르면, 코칭 프로세스와 직무관련 태도 간에 정적인 상관관계가 나타났으며, 코칭 관계력과 직무관련 태도 간에도 정적인 상관관계가 나타났다. 또한 이들 관계에서 자기효능감이 매개요인의 역할을 하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 중소기업에서 코칭이 성공적인 효과를 얻기 위해서는 코칭 프로세스에 대한 체계적인 관리와 코치와 피코치자간의 관계형성이 중요함을 보여주는 것이다. 아울러 피코치자가 코칭을 통해 자신의 역량에 대한 자신감을 얻음으로써 결과적으로 직무태도가 향상됨을 나타내주는 것이다. 본 연구결과는 효과적인 코칭도입 및 시행에 중요한 시사점을 제공해주었다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이희경, "코칭입문" 교보문고 73-95, 2005

2 가재산, "중소기업, 인재가 희망이다" 삼성경제연구소 2008

3 김정식, "리더의 코칭행위가 조직구성원들의 인지적 유연성과 성과에 미치는 영향" 한국인적자원관리학회 15 (15): 31-48, 2008

4 Avolio, J. B, "Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Moderating Role of Structural Distance" 25 (25): 951-968, 2004

5 Grant, A. M, "Towards a Psychology of Coaching: The Impact of Coaching on Metacognition, Mental Health and Goal Attainment" 63 (63): 6094-, 2002

6 Kilburg, R. R, "Toward a Conceptual Understanding and Definition of Executive Coaching" 48 (48): 134-144, 1996

7 Bricklin, S. M, "The RAPPORT Program: A Model for Improving the Emotional Intelligence of Executive Coaching Clients" 62 (62): 5363-, 2001

8 Sztucinski, K, "The Nature of Executive Coaching: An Exploration of the Executive’s Experience" 62 (62): 266-, 2001

9 Locke, E. A, "The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction, in Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology" RandMcNally 1297-1349, 1976

10 Baron, R. M, "The Moderator-mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations" 51 (51): 1173-1182, 1986

11 Smith, P. C, "The Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Retirement: A Strategy for the Study of Attitudes" Rand McNally 1969

12 Mowday, R. T, "The Measurement of Organization Commitment" 14 (14): 224-247, 1979

13 Thach, E. C, "The Impact of Executive Coaching and 360-Degree Feedback on Leadership Effectiveness" 23 (23): 205-214, 2002

14 Dingman, M, "The Effect of Executive Coaching on Job-related Attitudes"

15 Morgan, H, "The Art and Practice Of Leadership Coaching: 50 Top Executive Coaches Reveal Their Secrets" Linkage, Inc 2005

16 Dovidio, J. F, "The Arousal Cost-reward Model and the Process of Intervention: A Review of the Evidence, in Prosocial behavior" Sage 86-118, 1991

17 Salomon, G, "Television is Easy and Print is Tough: The Differential Investment of Metal Effort in Learning as a Function of Perceptions and Attributions" 76 (76): 647-658, 1984

18 Gegner, C, "Summary of Executive Coaching Research Project"

19 Gist, M. E, "Self-efficacy: A Theoretical Analysis of Its Determinants and Malleability" 17 (17): 472-485, 1992

20 Stajkovic, A. D, "Self-efficacy and Work-relation Performance: A Meta-analysis" 124 (124): 240-261, 1998

21 Lee, C, "Self-efficacy Beliefs: Comparison of Five Measures" 79 (79): 364-369, 1994

22 Wiener, Y, "Relationship between Job, Organizational and Career Commitment and Work Outcomes An Integrative Approach" 26 : 81-96, 1980

23 Jeffrey E, A, "Personal and Executive Coaching: The Complete Guide for Mental Health Professionals"

24 Van Velor, E, "Our View of Leadership Development, in The Center for Creative Leadership Handbook of Leadership development" Jossey-Bass 1-25, 1998

25 Hair, J. F, "Multivariate Data Analysis" Prentice Hall 2006

26 McGovern, J, "Maximizing the Impact of Executive Coaching: Behavioral Change, Organizational Outcomes, and Return on Investment" 6 (6): 3-11, 2001

27 Wagner, J. A, "Management of Organizational Behavior" Prentice Hall 1992

28 Day, D. V, "Leadership Development: A Review in Context" 11 (11): 581-613, 2001

29 Petrick, J. A, "Integrity Capacity as a Strategic Asset in Achieving Organizational Excellence" 5 (5): 24-30, 2001

30 Kilburg, R. R, "Facilitating Intervention Adherence in Executive Coaching: A Model and Methods" 53 (53): 251-267, 2001

31 Wasylyshyn, K. M, "Executive Coaching: An Outcome Study" 55 (55): 94-106, 2003

32 Orenstein, R. L, "Executive Coaching: An Integrative Model" 61 (61): 2257-, 2000

33 Witherspoon, R, "Executive Coaching: A Continuum of Roles" 48 (48): 124-133, 1996

34 Kampa-Kokesch, S, "Executive Coaching: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature" 53 (53): 205-228, 2001

35 Olivero, G, "Executive Coaching as a Transfer of Training Tool: Effects on Productivity in a Public Agency" 26 (26): 461-469, 1997

36 Srivastava, A, "Empowering Leadership in Management Teams: Effects on Knowledge Sharing, Efficacy, and Attitude" 49 (49): 1239-1251, 2006

37 Bandura, A, "Effect of Perceived Controllability and Performance Standards on Self-regulation of Complex Decision-making" 56 : 805-814, 1989

38 Avolio, J. B, "Developing Transformational Leader: A Llife Span Approach, in Charismatic leadership: The elusive factor in organizational effectiveness" Jossey- Bass 276-308, 1988

39 Earley, P. C, "Delineating Goals and Efficacy Effects: A Test of Three Model" 76 (76): 81-98, 1991

40 Midlarsky, E, "Competence and Helping: Notes Toward a Model, in Development and Maintenance of Prosocial behavior" Plenum Press 291-308, 1984

41 Canas, J. J, "Cognitive Inflexibility and the Development and Use of Strategies for Solving Complex Dynamic Problems: Effects of Different Types of Training" 6 (6): 95-108, 2005

42 Gegner, C, "Coaching: Theory and Practice. Unpublished Master’s Thesis" University of San Francisco 1997

43 Kiel, F, "Coaching at the Top" 48 (48): 67-77, 1996

44 Hackman, J. R, "A Theory of Team Coaching" 30 (30): 269-287, 2005

45 Moxley, R. S, "A Systems Approach to Leadership Development, in The Center for Creative Leadership Handbook of Leadership development" Jossey-Bass 217-241, 1998

46 Mathieu, J. E, "A Review and Meta-analysis of the Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences of Organizational Commitment" 108 (108): 171-194, 1990

47 Martin, M. M, "A New Measure of Cognitive Flexibility" 76 (76): 623-626, 1995