한국사회의 다문화화에 대한 교육학적 성찰 = Educational Reflection on the Multiculturalization of the Korean Society

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The republic of Korea is experiencing the social and economical effect due to the global change. In terms of the workforce, it is going through the sea change by becoming a nation of emigration from immigration. As of August 2007, foreign residents have reached more than 1,000,000 including short-term foreign population. Thus, the total population of foreign residents composes of 2% of legally registered population. Migrant workers and women immigrants by marriage are the central reasons of Korea`s multiculturalism. In addition, Korean Chinese, who are the unseen neighbors among us, multiracial people, and North Korean refugees are the increasing flow of multiculturalism. Our perspectives to observe and understand multiculturalism through the flow of incoming population that are cultural minority reflect Korea`s unique situation. Although the aforementioned factors, the influx of foreign workforce and immigration through marriage, may be closely related to the formation of multi-cultural discussion in an effort to solve problems for social union, it also needs to be understood in the context of globalization that was induced by global economy and cultural byproduct immensely consumed worldwide. Our government policy and educational policy offered by groups of people are generally focused on matters that are caused by women immigrants by marriage or multicultural families. These policies tend to show an approach to assimilate Korean society. Educational perspectives and research focus on the social needs and applications as a civil education. And the majority of the researchers` majors are Educational Sociology or Social Studies Education. However, when we approach multiculturalism and/or multicultural education, it is vital that we understand culture as a whole that is not given to oneself, rather it is one`s act of lifetime development through continuous interactions with others. In the multicultural education, our profound understanding of relations among various cultures that can embrace the concept of interculturality is pivotal. Multicultural education based on the idea of interculturality can be seen as something that is constructed on a basis of equality and mutual respect so that one can play a role as a multicultural citizen. In other words, it is a formation of intercultural competence. As an effort to understand a set of concepts defined as intercultural competence, we can consider the concept of empathy, a formation of solidarity, multicultural education at preschool age, the respect and understanding of other cultures, and providing educational curricular reflecting multicultural perspectives. From this discussion, we can see the need to understand multicultural education that can address the multiculturalism in our society from the perspectives of general education. Thus, it behooves us to experience and discuss topics and knowledge regarding multiculturalism, and it is important for all of us to develop an education from preschool to middle and high school that can foster intercultural competence early on. It can be seen as a novel try and effort in the frame of interculturalism and interculturality in the global era to understand the concept of humanity through interactions among diverse individualities that have been indispensable elements to appreciate education through an anthropological-ontological perspective.

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