공론장의 사회적 구성 = 가브리엘 타르드의 논의를 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This theoretical study explores the implications of Gabriel Tarde's classical insights on the 'modem public sphere'. It consists of two parts. In the first part of this study, I tried to replace Tarde's sociology in its historical context of the 19th century France. I examined especially the emergence of the 'crowd' as a new political force and the formation of pseudo-scientific discourses like 'crowd psychology' and 'criminology'. I also paid attention to the Dreyfus Affaire, a modem event owing its dynamics to the development of popular journalism. In doing so, I attempted to reconstitute the historical moments which conditioned largely Tarde's problematic on the public and the public opinion. In the second part, I analysed Tarde's view on the construction of the modem public sphere, focusing mainly on three points. First of all, an emphasis was put upon the originality of his conception of the 'public' as 'imagined community' mediated by communication technologies. Secondly, his analysis on the public opinion formation process was examined in detail. Thirdly, I reviewed Tarde's observation on the role of public sphere in cultural formation of modem nation-state. From my point of view, Tarde's contribution to the 'public sphere studies' can be summarized as following : First, he outlined a prominent problematic on communication technologies, social change and modernity. Second, in breaking with the normative conception of public sphere, Tarde tried to analyze social conditions which made possible new experience of modem man in the public sphere. In conclusion, I argued that Tarde's system could inspire some interesting research agendas on the public sphere in the 'age of Internet'.