유아들의 복사물체의 상징적 기능에 대한 이해 = Understanding of symbolic function of objcets in preschoolers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Understanding of symbolic function of replica objects was examined with 24- and 30-month-old children. In Experiment 1, understanding of objects was compared with understanding of words, photographs, and gestures. 24- and 30-month-old children understand objects as well as words, photographs, and gestures. However, they understand objects worse than words and photographs. Understandings of photographs, gestures, and objects were related to each other significantly, especially at 30 month. In Experiment 1a, understanding of objects was compared again with understanding of words, pictures, and gestures in a sample of children from similar socio-economic and educational backgrounds. Unlike in Experiment 1, 30-month-old children understand all symbols whereas 24-month-old children understand only words and gestures. 24-month-old children understand objects worse than words and gestures whereas 30-month-old children understand objects worse than other symbols. Understanding of gestures and objects showed significant positive correlations at both 24- and 30-months. In addition, understanding of words and pictures showed a significant positive correlation at 30-month. These results from experiment 1 and 1a showed that DeLoache's dual representation hypothesis can explain early understanding of symbolic function of replica objects. In Experiment 3, the effect of iconicity of replica objects was examined. 24- and 30-month-old children understand objects better when an object and a referent are physically similar to each other than when they are not.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

24개월과 30개월 집단 유아들을 대상으로 복사물체의 상징적 기능에 대한 이해가 어떻게 발달하는지 검토하였다. 연구 1에서는 복사물체에 대한 이해를 단어, 사진, 제스처에 대한 이해와 비교하였다. 24개월과 30개월 집단 모두 복사물체뿐 아니라 단어, 사진과 제스처를 이해하였다. 복사물체에 대한 이해는 제스처에 대한 이해와 차이가 없었으나 단어나 사진에 대한 이해보다 떨어졌다. 뿐만 아니라 복사물체, 사진과 제스처에 대한 이해는 특히 30개월 집단에서 높은 정적 상관을 보였다. 연구 1a에서는 연구 1과 달리 사회경제적 배경과 교육적 경험이 비슷한 유아들을 대상으로 연구 1의 결과를 다시 확인하였을 뿐 아니라 그림을 사용하여 복사물체에 대한 이해를 단어, 그림과 제스처에 대한 이해와 비교하였다. 30개월 집단은 복사물체뿐 아니라 단어, 그림과 제스처를 이해하였으나 24개월 집단은 단어와 제스처는 이해하였지만 복사물체와 그림은 이해하지 못했다. 24개월 집단은 단어와 제스처보다, 그리고 30개월 집단은 단어, 그림과 제스처보다 복사물체를 더 이해하지 못했다. 또한 24개월 집단에서는 제스처와 복사물체에 대한 이해가, 30개월 집단에서는 제스처와 복사물체 뿐 아니라 단어와 그림에 대한 이해가 높은 정적 상관을 보였다. 연구 1과 1a의 결과는 DeLoache의 이중표상가설이 복사물체에 대한 이해도 잘 설명할 수 있음을 보여준다. 연구 2에서는 복사물체와 참조물 사이의 유사성이 복사물체의 상징적 기능에 대한 이해에 영향을 미치는지 검토하였다. 24개월과 30개월 집단 모두 복사물체가 참조물과 유사할 때 복사물체를 더 잘 이해하였다.

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