변혁적 및 거래적 리더십의 효과: 다수준 접근법을 적용한 재조명 = Transformational/Transactional Leadership: Revisit Using a Multilevel Approach

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Tak & Jang (2003) studied effects of transformation/transactional leadership using a sample of soldiers in the army, and found that charisma, one of the factors of transformational leadership, and management by exception, one of the factors of transactional leadership, were significantly related with criteria. Since their study had no considerations of the levels issues regarding theory and analysis associated with the examined variables, the incomplete conclusions had room for reanalysis. This study revisited Tak and Jang's research using a series of multilevel analyses such as multilevel agreement, WABA, HLM, to find out which level (i.e., platoon or individual level) is appropriate to discuss the leadership effects in the original research. Results indicated that though individual level effects were similar to the original study, more level-specific phenomena were found from the original research. Based on these findings, implications that overcome misspecification errors were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

탁진국과 장종순 (2003)은 군부대 소대장들의 거래적/변혁적 리더십의 효과를 분석하여 변혁적 리더십의 하위요인 중 하나인 카리스마와 거래적 리더십의 하위요인인 예외 관리가 소대지각 요인과 유의미하게 관련됨을 보였다. 또한 소대수준 변인인 전투준비태세에 대한 리더십 효과를 분석하였다. 그러나, 그들의 연구는 관심변인의 이론 및 분석의 수준과 관련된 측면을 고려하지 않아서 연구가 도출한 결론이 조직의 어느 수준에서 보다 적합한지에 대한 재조명이 필요하였다. 본 연구는 탁진국과 장종순의 연구를 다수준 동의도, WABA, HLM 등의 다수준 분석법으로 재분석하여 리더십의 효과를 적절한 수준 (즉, 팀 및 개인 수준)에서 다시 논의하였다. 개인수준에서 카리스마가 유의미한 효과가 있는 점은 원연구와 유사하였으나, 개인 및 소대 수준에서 원 연구에서 발견할 수 없었던 결과들이 나타났으며 이를 통하여 수준명세화의 오류 (misspecification error)를 극복하는 논의를 도출할 수 있다.

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