웹기반 비동기적 토론에서 토론촉진전략의 유형에 따른 학습자의 사회적 실재감, 상호작용, 만족도, 학업 성취에 대한 효과 = The Effects of Types of Instructor Facilitation on Learners` Social Presence, Interaction, Satisfaction, and Learning Achievement in an Asynchronous Web-Based Discussion

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigated the effects of types of instructor facilitation on learners` social presence, interaction, satisfaction, and achievement in an asynchronous web-based discussion. Ninety six students were randomly assigned to two conditions (task-oriented facilitation/motivation-oriented facilitation). The results indicated that the learners who were in motivation-oriented facilitation group showed better social presence, interaction, and satisfaction than the learners in task-oriented facilitation group. In learning achievement that was measured by concept map, two groups did not showed statistically significant difference. However, the two groups` concept map showed notable difference in the aspect of the number of concept presented on the achievement sheet. In addition, there were strong correlations among the dependent variables. The findings of this study suggest instructional implications for those who want to employ asynchronous web-based discussion through providing examples regarding the effectiveness of motivation-oriented facilitation. Due to the lack of in-depth data collecting and analysis, the results and interpretation are tentative. Further studies to verify the results are recommended.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "평생교육을 위한 웹기반 학습에서 상호작용 유형에 따른 효과 분석" 16 (16): 223-246, 2000

2 "토론촉진전략유형에 따른 웹기반 온라인토론수업의 효과 비교" 2001

3 "웹기반 학습의 온라인 토론에서 교수자의 참여에 따른 학습자의 토론참여 양상에 대한 연구" 21 (21): 123-142, 2005

4 권성호, "웹기반 학습에서 학습자 상호작용 저해요인 연구" 8 : 2003

5 "웹기반 온라인 토론에서 학습자의 참여도, 성취도 및 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인" 이화여자대학 1998

6 "웹기반 수업에서 사회적 메시지 제시여부가 사회적 실재감, 상호작용, 인지된 학습에 미치는 영향" 이화여자대학 2004

7 "웹기반 문제해결학습 환경에서 소집단 협동학습전략이 온라인 토론의 참여도와 문제해결에 미치는 효과" 1999

8 권성호, "웹기반 가상교육에서 협력적 상호작용 촉진을 위한 학습자 지원전략개발" 17 (17): 29-51, 2001

9 "동기적 가상토론에서 익명성이 토론 내용의 논증과 부정적 발언에 미치는 영향" 16 (16): 91-106, 2000

10 "대학교육에서 인터넷 가상토론의 비동시성과 토론자의 내향성/외향성 간의 상호작용효과 연구" 14 (14): 25-49, 1998

11 "국어과 온라인 토론 학습에서 교사의 학습 촉진 조언의 유형이 학습자의 참여도, 성취도, 만족도에 미치는 영향" 11 (11): 101-124, 2005

12 "교사의 피드백이 들어간 웹토론 게시판 설계 및 구현" 13 : 2003

13 "facilitating with easy! : A comprehensive guide to the practice of facilitation" Michael Goldman M. H. Sc. 1997

14 "e-Learning 환경에서 인식되는 사회적 실재감과 성취도, 만족도, 학습 지속도의 관계 규명" 이화여자대학 2005

15 "Virtual interactivity: design factors affecting student satisfaction and perceived learning in asynchronous online courses" 22 (22): 306-331, 2001

16 "Transactional presence as a critical predictor of success in distance learning" 24 (24): 69-86, 2003

17 "The role of immediacy intimacy and social presence on learning and web-based education" 2001

18 "The role of grounding in collaborative learning tasks" Pergamon 31-63, 1999

19 "The relationship of social presence and interaction in online classes" 16 (16): 131-150, 2002

20 "Student participation in a discussion-oriented online course:a case study" 33 (33): 162-177, 2000

21 "Social presence theory and implications for interaction and collaborative learning in computerconferences" 1 (1): 147-166, 1995

22 "Social presence online:Networking learners at a distance" 7 (7): 287-294, 2000

23 "Social presence as a predictor of satisfation within a computer mediated conferencing environment" 11 (11): 8-25, 1997

24 "Raising student social presence in online classes" 2001

25 "Learning networks A field guide to teaching and learning online Cambridge" 1999

26 "Learning in computer conferenced context Journal of Distance Education" 199419-43

27 "Interaction on post-secondary web-based learning" 39 (39): 5-11, 1999

28 "Identifying the pitfalls for social interaction in computer-supported collaborated learning environments" 2003

29 "How to design self-directed and distance learning programs" McGraw-Hill 1999

30 "Facilitating computer conferencing:Recommendations from the field" 22-30, January1995

31 "Exploring social communication in computer conferencing" 13 (13): 259-275, 2002

32 "Examining social presence in online course in relation to students' perceived learning and satisfaction" 7 (7): 68-88, 2003

33 "Building learning communities in online courses: The importance of interaction" 2 (2): 23-49, 2002

34 "Beyond interaction:the relational construct of 'Transactional presence'" 17 (17): 121-137, 2002

35 "Assessing Teaching presence in a computer conferencing context" 5 (5): 1-17, 2001

36 "An Examination of social presence to increase interaction in online classes" Arizona State University, Arizona 2000

37 "A study of factors influencing students' perceived learning in a web-based course envionment" 6 (6): 317-338, 2000